Ibrayeva Anel, Shoranov Marat, Alchinbayev Mirzakarim, Ramazanova Bakyt, Tanabayeva Shynar, Fakhradiyev Ildar
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
BMJ Open. 2025 May 14;15(5):e094508. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-094508.
The aim of this study is to analyse the prevalence and characteristics of alcohol consumption including the patterns of heavy episodic drinking, among the adult population of Kazakhstan (18-69 years old) and identify key socio-demographic and regional factors influencing alcohol use.
DESIGN/METHODS: A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using the standardised WHO STEPwise approach.
The sample included 6720 adults aged 18-69 years from all 17 regions of Kazakhstan.
Among participants, 54.1% had ever consumed alcohol, 42.5% in the past 12 months and 23.7% in the past month. Men had higher adjusted odds of alcohol consumption in the past 30 days (adjusted OR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.37 to 1.81) and heavy episodic drinking (adjusted OR 1.80; 95% CI: 1.44 to 2.24) compared with women. Younger adults (18-24 years) had lower odds of alcohol consumption (adjusted OR 0.61; 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.83) and heavy episodic drinking (adjusted OR 0.59; 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.94). Russians and Ukrainians had significantly higher adjusted odds of alcohol consumption (adjusted OR 1.48; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.98 and OR 1.85; 95% CI: 1.14 to 3.01, respectively). Significant regional differences were found, with higher alcohol use in the northern regions and major cities. Smoking was strongly associated with alcohol consumption (adjusted OR 3.08; 95% CI: 2.65 to 3.57) and heavy episodic drinking (adjusted OR 3.72; 95% CI: 3.05 to 4.54). Education, occupation and marital status were not significant determinants.
The findings highlight the complexity of alcohol consumption patterns in Kazakhstan and the need for targeted public health interventions tailored to gender, age, ethnicity and region.
本研究旨在分析哈萨克斯坦成年人口（18 - 69岁）中酒精消费的流行情况和特征，包括暴饮模式，并确定影响酒精使用的关键社会人口学和区域因素。
设计/方法：2021年10月至2022年5月进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究。数据通过使用标准化的世卫组织逐步调查方法进行面对面访谈收集。
样本包括来自哈萨克斯坦所有17个地区的6720名18 - 69岁的成年人。
在参与者中，54.1%的人曾饮酒，42.5%在过去12个月内饮酒，23.7%在过去一个月内饮酒。与女性相比，男性在过去30天内饮酒（调整后的比值比为1.57；95%置信区间：1.37至1.81）和暴饮（调整后的比值比为1.80；95%置信区间：1.44至2.24）的调整后几率更高。较年轻的成年人（18 - 24岁）饮酒（调整后的比值比为0.61；95%置信区间：0.45至0.83）和暴饮（调整后的比值比为0.59；95%置信区间：0.37至0.94）的几率较低。俄罗斯人和乌克兰人饮酒的调整后几率显著更高（调整后的比值比分别为1.48；95%置信区间：1.11至1.98和1.85；95%置信区间：1.14至3.01）。发现了显著的区域差异，北部地区和主要城市的酒精使用量较高。吸烟与饮酒（调整后的比值比为3.08；95%置信区间：）和暴饮（调整后的比值比为3.72；95%置信区间：3.05至4.54）密切相关。教育、职业和婚姻状况不是显著的决定因素。
研究结果凸显了哈萨克斯坦酒精消费模式的复杂性，以及需要针对性别、年龄、种族和地区制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施。 2.65至3.57
