Tolera Gemechu, Getahun Abebe, Geremew Akewake, Mengistou Seyoum
Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 15;15(1):16885. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94028-8.
Water hyacinth is an invasive weed that significantly impacts Ethiopia's environment and human well-being, particularly in Lake Koka and Lake Ziway. It reduces water availability and biodiversity in these areas. This study aimed to predict the spread of water hyacinth using GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation and Sentinel-2 imagery. Field collections were conducted in both lakes during the wet and dry seasons of 2020. A multivariate statistical classifier was employed to map the spatial distribution of water hyacinth. The results indicate that in Lake Koka, coverage increased from 3.87% (1455.39 ha) in the dry season to 12.44% (4678.06 ha) in the wet season. In Lake Ziway, coverage ranged from 10.01% (6526.30 ha) to 11.39% (7424.05 ha) between the seasons. These findings highlight the significant proliferation of water hyacinth during the rainy season, which harms biodiversity and socioeconomic development. Additionally, the study found a decrease in the area covered by water hyacinths in agricultural land, water bodies, and bare land. Restoring land use and monitoring weed growth regularly is essential to mitigate these effects.
凤眼蓝是一种入侵性杂草，对埃塞俄比亚的环境和人类福祉产生重大影响，尤其是在科卡湖和齐瓦伊湖。它减少了这些地区的水资源供应和生物多样性。本研究旨在利用基于地理信息系统的多标准评价和哨兵 - 2 影像来预测凤眼蓝的扩散。2020年干湿季期间在两个湖泊都进行了实地采集。采用多元统计分类器绘制凤眼蓝的空间分布。结果表明，在科卡湖，覆盖面积从旱季的3.87%（1455.39公顷）增加到雨季的12.44%（4678.06公顷）。在齐瓦伊湖，两季之间的覆盖面积从10.01%（6526.30公顷）到11.39%（7424.05公顷）不等。这些发现凸显了雨季凤眼蓝的显著增殖，这对生物多样性和社会经济发展造成危害。此外，研究发现农业用地、水体和裸地中凤眼蓝覆盖的面积有所减少。恢复土地利用并定期监测杂草生长对于减轻这些影响至关重要。
