文化意识量表：波兰护理专业学生文化能力评估中的心理测量特性及适用性
Cultural awareness scale: psychometric properties and applicability in assessing cultural competence among polish nursing students.
作者信息
Cieślak Ilona, Panczyk Mariusz, Gotlib-Małkowska Joanna, Jaworski Mariusz
机构信息
Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 May 15;24(1):542. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03181-y.
BACKGROUND
Cultural competence is an essential skill for nursing students to provide effective care in multicultural healthcare settings. Despite the availability of various tools globally, there are limited number of validated instruments for assessing cultural awareness among nursing students in Poland. This study aimed to culturally and linguistically adapt the Cultural Awareness Scale (CAS) to the Polish context and evaluate its psychometric properties.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted between May and June 2024 among 1,020 nursing students from nine Polish medical universities. The CAS was translated and adapted following WHO guidelines for cultural and linguistic adaptation. Psychometric evaluation included exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA, CFA), reliability testing using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, and assessments of validity, including convergent and known-groups validity.
RESULTS
The Polish version of the CAS (CAS_P) demonstrated high reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.892 and McDonald's omega of 0.908. EFA confirmed the multidimensional structure of the scale, while CFA indicated moderate model fit (CFI = 0.797, TLI = 0.781, RMSEA = 0.0735). Convergent validity analysis showed significant correlations between CAS domains and personality traits such as altruism and openness to experience (p < 0.001). Known-groups validity analysis revealed that nursing students with prior intercultural education scored significantly higher on all CAS domains (p < 0.05), highlighting the impact of formal training on cultural awareness. The Behaviors/Comfort with Interactions subscale showed lower reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.592), suggesting cultural-specific variations in responses.
CONCLUSIONS
The CAS_P is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing cultural awareness among Polish nursing students. Its implementation can guide curriculum development and enhance intercultural competence in nursing education. Further refinements are necessary to improve the scale's sensitivity to local cultural contexts.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
文化能力是护理专业学生在多元文化医疗环境中提供有效护理的一项基本技能。尽管全球有各种工具可用，但在波兰，用于评估护理专业学生文化意识的经过验证的工具数量有限。本研究旨在对文化意识量表（CAS）进行文化和语言方面的调整，使其适用于波兰的情况，并评估其心理测量特性。
材料与方法
2024年5月至6月，对来自波兰九所医科大学的1020名护理专业学生进行了一项基于网络的横断面调查。根据世界卫生组织的文化和语言调整指南对CAS进行翻译和调整。心理测量评估包括探索性和验证性因素分析（EFA、CFA）、使用克朗巴赫α系数和麦克唐纳ω系数进行可靠性测试，以及效度评估，包括收敛效度和已知群体效度。
结果
波兰版的CAS（CAS_P）显示出高可靠性，克朗巴赫α系数为0.892，麦克唐纳ω系数为0.908。EFA证实了该量表的多维结构，而CFA表明模型拟合度中等（CFI = 0.797，TLI = 0.781，RMSEA = 0.0735）。收敛效度分析表明，CAS各领域与利他主义和经验开放性等人格特质之间存在显著相关性（p < 0.001）。已知群体效度分析显示，接受过跨文化教育的护理专业学生在所有CAS领域的得分均显著更高（p < 0.05），突出了正规培训对文化意识的影响。行为/互动舒适度子量表的可靠性较低（克朗巴赫α系数 = 0.592），表明不同文化背景下的反应存在差异。
结论
CAS_P是评估波兰护理专业学生文化意识的可靠且有效的工具。其应用可以指导课程开发，并提高护理教育中的跨文化能力。需要进一步完善以提高该量表对当地文化背景的敏感性。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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