Zhang Changlin, Liu Fang, Ran Hailiang, Che Yusan, Fang Die, Liu Shuqing, Zheng Guiqing, He Yandie, Xiang Yi, Lu Jin, Xiao Yuanyuan
Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 Chunrong West Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Psychiatry Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 May 15;25(1):1792. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22991-y.
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) poses a significant challenge to the health and well-being of children and adolescents, with prior studies suggesting a strong association with experiences of school bullying. While mindfulness has been identified as a protective factor against NSSI, its mediating role in the relationship between school bullying and NSSI remains insufficiently investigated. Using a representative sample from Yunnan Province, China, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between school bullying, NSSI, and mindfulness.
A population-based sample of 5897 adolescents in two places of Yunnan Province were surveyed by using self-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression model was used to measure the association between school bullying and NSSI. Path model was further fitted to examine the mediation of mindfulness in the association between school bullying and NSSI.
The lifetime NSSI prevalence in our study sample was 34.6% (95% CI: 30.3%-39.0%). School bullying was associated with an increased risk of NSSI (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.68-2.43), while a higher mindfulness score was associated with a reduced NSSI risk (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99). Path analysis showed mindfulness significantly mediated the relationship between school bullying and NSSI, accounting for 34.0% of the total association. Among all dimensions of mindfulness, mindfulness observing, describing, and acting with awareness significantly mediated the association, with acting with awareness showing the strongest mediation.
The findings indicate a positive correlation between school bullying and NSSI, with mindfulness serving as a significant mediator in this association. Enhancing mindfulness among children and adolescents could be an effective strategy to mitigate school bullying associated NSSI.
非自杀性自伤行为（NSSI）对儿童和青少年的健康与幸福构成重大挑战，先前的研究表明其与校园欺凌经历密切相关。尽管正念已被确认为预防NSSI的保护因素，但其在校园欺凌与NSSI关系中的中介作用仍未得到充分研究。本研究以中国云南省的代表性样本为基础，旨在增进对校园欺凌、NSSI和正念之间关系的理解。
采用自填问卷对云南省两个地区的5897名青少年进行基于人群的抽样调查。使用逻辑回归模型测量校园欺凌与NSSI之间的关联。进一步拟合路径模型以检验正念在校园欺凌与NSSI关联中的中介作用。
我们研究样本中终身NSSI患病率为34.6%（95%置信区间：30.3%-39.0%）。校园欺凌与NSSI风险增加相关（比值比[OR]=2.02，95%置信区间：1.68-2.43），而较高的正念得分与较低的NSSI风险相关（OR=0.98，95%置信区间：0.97-0.99）。路径分析表明正念显著中介了校园欺凌与NSSI之间的关系，占总关联的34.0%。在正念的所有维度中，正念观察、描述和有意识行动显著中介了这种关联，其中有意识行动的中介作用最强。
研究结果表明校园欺凌与NSSI之间存在正相关，正念在这种关联中起重要中介作用。提高儿童和青少年的正念水平可能是减轻与校园欺凌相关的NSSI的有效策略。
