Mafogang Borelle, Ponka Roger, Mukam Joseph Ngakou, Fokou Elie
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Derived Products, The National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon.
Front Toxicol. 2025 May 1;7:1598185. doi: 10.3389/ftox.2025.1598185. eCollection 2025.
In 2022, approximately 2.3 million new cases of female breast cancer and 670,000 related deaths worldwide despite significant advancements in conventional treatments. BobyGuard C (BGC) is a novel polyherbal nutraceutical formulated from five plants, selected for their antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and nutritional properties to be used for breast cancer management. This study aimed to characterize its physicochemical, nutritional, and phytochemical properties as well as assess its safety through acute and sub-acute oral toxicity studies in Wistar rats.
Thecomposition of BGC was analyzed for macronutrients, minerals, and phytochemicals using standard methods. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH, TAC and FRAP assays, while antiproliferative activity was evaluated using the MTT assay on MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Acute (single 5,000 mg/kg dose with 14 days observation) and sub-acute oral (daily administration of 784, 1,568, and 3,136 mg/kg for 28 days) toxicity studies in female Wistar rats followed OECD guidelines.
BGC was found to be rich in proteins (38.36 g/100 g), carbohydrates (59.70 g/100 g), and essential minerals such as magnesium (60,066.67 µg/100 g), and it was free from toxic heavy metals. Several bioactive compounds, including diosgenin, diosbulbin H, β-carotene, Bafoudiosbulbin G and catechin were identified in BGC. Phytochemical analysis revealed high levels of phenols (9,783.48 mg GAE/100 g), flavonoids (47.72 mg QuE/100 g), and alkaloids (106.14 mg berberine eq/100 g), contributing to its strong antioxidant activity (DPPH inhibition: 90.39%). BGC exhibited significant antiproliferative effects on MDA-MB 231 cells, highlighting its potential anticancer activity. Acute toxicity tests showed no mortality at 5,000 mg/kg, with an LD exceeding this dose. In the sub-acute 28-day repeated-dose oral study, doses up to 3,136 mg/kg/day resulted in some dose dependent hematological and biochemical changes but no histopathological abnormalities were observed indicating its safety at lower doses.
BGC is a nutritionally rich formulation with potent antioxidant and anticancer potential, demonstrating a favorable safety profile at lower dose (784 mg/kg).
2022年，尽管传统治疗方法取得了重大进展，但全球仍有大约230万例女性乳腺癌新发病例以及67万例相关死亡病例。BobyGuard C（BGC）是一种新型的多草药营养补充剂，由五种植物配制而成，因其具有抗氧化、抗癌、抗炎和营养特性而被用于乳腺癌管理。本研究旨在表征其物理化学、营养和植物化学特性，并通过对Wistar大鼠进行急性和亚急性口服毒性研究来评估其安全性。
采用标准方法分析BGC的常量营养素、矿物质和植物化学物质的成分。通过DPPH、TAC和FRAP测定法评估抗氧化活性，同时使用MTT测定法在MDA-MB 231和MCF-7乳腺癌细胞系上评估抗增殖活性。对雌性Wistar大鼠进行的急性（单次5000mg/kg剂量，观察14天）和亚急性口服（每天给予784、1568和3136mg/kg，持续28天）毒性研究遵循经合组织指南。
发现BGC富含蛋白质（38.36g/100g）、碳水化合物（59.70g/100g）以及必需矿物质，如镁（60066.67μg/100g），且不含有毒重金属。在BGC中鉴定出了几种生物活性化合物，包括薯蓣皂苷元、薯蓣皂苷H、β-胡萝卜素、巴福薯蓣皂苷G和儿茶素。植物化学分析显示其酚类（9783.48mg GAE/100g）、黄酮类（47.72mg QuE/100g）和生物碱（106.14mg小檗碱当量/100g）含量较高，这使其具有较强的抗氧化活性（DPPH抑制率：90.39%）。BGC对MDA-MB 231细胞表现出显著的抗增殖作用，突出了其潜在的抗癌活性。急性毒性试验表明，5000mg/kg剂量下无死亡发生，LD超过该剂量。在亚急性28天重复剂量口服研究中，高达3136mg/kg/天的剂量导致了一些剂量依赖性的血液学和生化变化，但未观察到组织病理学异常，表明其在较低剂量下是安全的。
BGC是一种营养丰富的制剂，具有强大的抗氧化和抗癌潜力，在较低剂量（784mg/kg）下显示出良好的安全性。
