Hua Piyan, Tu Ying, Yang Zhenghui, He Yunting, He Li, Yao Qiuyan, Gu Hua
Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
PLoS One. 2025 May 16;20(5):e0323598. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323598. eCollection 2025.
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by multiple intricate pathogenic factors. Previous studies have substantiated the anti-inflammatory properties of minocycline and its potential therapeutic efficacy in treating rosacea. However, further elucidation of the underlying mechanism is warranted.
HaCaT cells and BALB/c mice were treated with LL37. Moreover, the effect of minocycline on rosacea was explored through the addition of an NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC) or overexpression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The expression of related markers was detected by western blotting, immunofluorescence, ELISA, flow cytometry, etc.
Minocycline suppressed dermal infiltration of inflammatory cells in rosacea-like mice and reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines in rosacea-like mice and cells. Moreover, minocycline downregulated the expression of TLR4 and p-NF-κB thereby inhibiting ROS production. However, overexpression of TLR4 or the addition of PDTC counteracted the effects of minocycline by promoting cellular inflammation and ROS production. Mechanistically, minocycline hinders TLR4/TNF-α activation induced by LL37 in skin and cells to suppress the expression of inflammatory cytokines.
Minocycline alleviates inflammation progression in rosacea by downregulating TLR4 and inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB pathway, providing a scientific basis for subsequent clinical treatment.
酒渣鼻是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，具有多种复杂的致病因素。先前的研究证实了米诺环素的抗炎特性及其在治疗酒渣鼻方面的潜在治疗效果。然而，有必要进一步阐明其潜在机制。
用LL37处理HaCaT细胞和BALB/c小鼠。此外，通过添加NF-κB抑制剂（PDTC）或过表达Toll样受体4（TLR4）来探究米诺环素对酒渣鼻的影响。通过蛋白质免疫印迹法、免疫荧光法、酶联免疫吸附测定法、流式细胞术等检测相关标志物的表达。
米诺环素抑制了酒渣鼻样小鼠真皮层炎性细胞浸润，并降低了酒渣鼻样小鼠和细胞中炎性细胞因子的表达。此外，米诺环素下调了TLR4和p-NF-κB的表达，从而抑制了活性氧的产生。然而，TLR4的过表达或PDTC的添加通过促进细胞炎症和活性氧的产生抵消了米诺环素的作用。从机制上讲，米诺环素阻碍了LL37在皮肤和细胞中诱导的TLR4/TNF-α激活，从而抑制炎性细胞因子的表达。
米诺环素通过下调TLR4并抑制NF-κB通路的激活来减轻酒渣鼻的炎症进展，为后续临床治疗提供了科学依据。
