Zhang Xikuan, Chai Jin, Xu Lingxiao, Mei Shixuan, Wang Xin, Zhao Yunlong, Xue Chenyang, Wang Yongjun, Cui Danfeng, Zhang Zengxing, Zhang Haiyan, Gao Libo
Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361105, China.
Microsyst Nanoeng. 2025 May 16;11(1):90. doi: 10.1038/s41378-025-00924-4.
The long-term monitoring of respiratory status is crucial for the prevention and diagnosis of respiratory diseases. However, existing continuous respiratory monitoring devices are typically bulky and require either chest strapping or proximity to the nasal area, which compromises user comfort and may disrupt the monitoring process. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a flexible, attachable, lightweight, and miniaturized system designed for extended wear on the wrist. This system incorporates signal acquisition circuitry, a mobile client, and a deep neural network, facilitating long-term respiratory monitoring. Specifically, we fabricated a highly sensitive (11,847.24 kPa) flexible pressure sensor using a screen printing process, which is capable of functioning beyond 70,000 cycles. Additionally, we engineered a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network, enhanced with a residual module, to classify various respiratory states including slow, normal, fast, and simulated breathing. The system achieved a dataset classification accuracy exceeding 99.5%. We have successfully demonstrated a stable, cost-effective, and durable respiratory sensor system that can quantitatively collect and store respiratory data for individuals and groups. This system holds potential for everyday monitoring of physiological signals and healthcare applications.
长期监测呼吸状态对于呼吸系统疾病的预防和诊断至关重要。然而,现有的连续呼吸监测设备通常体积庞大,需要胸部绑带或靠近鼻腔区域,这会影响用户舒适度,并可能干扰监测过程。为了克服这些挑战,我们开发了一种灵活、可附着、轻便且小型化的系统,设计用于在手腕上长时间佩戴。该系统集成了信号采集电路、移动客户端和深度神经网络,便于进行长期呼吸监测。具体而言,我们采用丝网印刷工艺制造了一种高灵敏度(11,847.24 kPa)的柔性压力传感器,其能够在超过70,000次循环后仍正常工作。此外,我们设计了一种双向长短期记忆(BiLSTM)神经网络,并通过残差模块进行增强,以对包括缓慢、正常、快速和模拟呼吸在内的各种呼吸状态进行分类。该系统实现了超过99.5%的数据集分类准确率。我们成功展示了一种稳定、经济高效且耐用的呼吸传感器系统,该系统能够为个人和群体定量收集和存储呼吸数据。该系统在日常生理信号监测和医疗保健应用方面具有潜力。
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