Fortin-Miller Sara A, Gajewski Byron J, Carlson Susan E, Colombo John A, Christifano Danielle N, Sullivan Debra K, Hull Holly R
Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Nutr Res. 2025 Jul;139:1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.009. Epub 2025 Apr 19.
Added sugars (AS) and fructose intake are linked to obesity. Hispanic populations experience high AS intake and obesity rates. It is underexplored if early sugars exposure influences offspring growth, especially across ethnic groups. This secondary analysis examined if AS and fructose intake during pregnancy, infancy, and toddlerhood influenced offspring adiposity at 24 months, and if ethnicity modified outcomes. We hypothesized that higher sugars exposure would predict increased adiposity. Mother-child pairs from a prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation RCT and the offspring follow-up study were included. Dietary intake was assessed at 12 to 20 weeks gestation, and offspring intake at 2 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months. Intake was averaged across infancy (Year 1: 2 weeks/6 months) and toddlerhood (Year 2: 12 months/24 months). Anthropometric (n = 130) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (n = 42) data were collected at 24 months. Multiple hierarchical regression examined associations, with interaction terms testing ethnic differences. Higher AS intake in Year 1 predicted higher weight, fat-free mass, and total adiposity. Compared to non-Hispanic offspring, the association of Year 1 fructose intake with weight and Year 2 AS intake with fat-free mass and central fat mass, were weaker in Hispanic offspring. No other significant associations were observed. The relationships between early AS and fructose intake with body composition are dynamic over time and vary by ethnicity. Our findings highlight the potential risks of early sugars exposure on obesity and metabolic health, underscoring the need for further research to inform early-life dietary interventions and public health policies.
添加糖（AS）和果糖摄入与肥胖有关。西班牙裔人群的AS摄入量和肥胖率较高。早期糖暴露是否会影响后代生长，尤其是不同种族间的情况，目前尚未得到充分研究。这项二次分析考察了孕期、婴儿期和幼儿期的AS和果糖摄入是否会影响24个月大的后代肥胖情况，以及种族是否会改变结果。我们假设更高的糖暴露会预示肥胖增加。研究纳入了来自一项产前二十二碳六烯酸补充随机对照试验的母婴对及其后代随访研究。在妊娠12至20周时评估母亲的饮食摄入量，在后代2周、6个月、12个月和24个月时评估其摄入量。摄入量取婴儿期（第1年：2周/6个月）和幼儿期（第2年：12个月/24个月）的平均值。在24个月时收集人体测量数据（n = 130）和双能X线吸收法数据（n = 42）。采用多重分层回归分析相关性，并通过交互项检验种族差异。第1年较高的AS摄入量预示着更高的体重、去脂体重和总体脂肪量。与非西班牙裔后代相比，西班牙裔后代中第1年果糖摄入量与体重的关联以及第2年AS摄入量与去脂体重和中心脂肪量的关联较弱。未观察到其他显著关联。早期AS和果糖摄入与身体成分之间的关系随时间动态变化，且因种族而异。我们的研究结果凸显了早期糖暴露对肥胖和代谢健康构成的潜在风险，强调需要进一步开展研究以为早期饮食干预和公共卫生政策提供依据。
