Mazzoli Riccardo, Santunione Anna Laura, Marezza Francesca, Sannella Alessandra, Berghenti Francesca, Filippini Tommaso, Vinceti Marco, Cecchi Rossana
Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Legal Medicine Unit, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Eur J Public Health. 2025 Aug 1;35(4):680-686. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaf076.
The steady flow of migrants is an ongoing challenge that requires health systems to adapt to unique health needs and to address inequalities. For this reason, comprehensive screening, early intervention, and culturally sensitive care are vital to improve migrants' health outcomes. We assessed migration history and health status in 536 migrants housed at "Svoltare ONLUS", an Extraordinary Reception Centre in Parma (Northern Italy), from 2015 to 2018. The focus was on migration journey characteristics and motivations, and testing for infectious diseases such as hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV), HIV, tuberculosis (TB), syphilis, and parasitosis. Migrants were overwhelmingly male (95.9%), with a mean (range) age of 26 (18-50) years. The majority originated from Sub-Saharan Africa (83.2%), with Nigeria as the predominant country. Most migrants entered via Libya (87.1%), disembarking primarily in Southern Italy, particularly Sicily (75.4%). High prevalence rates were found for HBV (48.8%), TB (27.8%), and parasitosis (23.1%), particularly among those from Western Africa. In contrast, HCV (2.61%), chronic hepatitis (5.41%), syphilis (2.99%), and HIV (1.31%) were less common. These trends are consistent with disease epidemiology in migrants' countries of origin as well those visited during the journey. Given the higher prevalence of infectious diseases among migrants compared to the general population in Italy, it is essential to enhance public health measures. This includes implementing timely screening services, targeted surveillance, and prompt treatment upon arrival at reception centers to protect both migrant and community health.
移民的持续涌入是一项长期挑战，要求卫生系统适应独特的健康需求并解决不平等问题。因此，全面筛查、早期干预和具有文化敏感性的护理对于改善移民的健康状况至关重要。我们评估了2015年至2018年期间居住在帕尔马（意大利北部）一个特别接待中心“Svoltare ONLUS”的536名移民的移民历史和健康状况。重点是移民旅程的特点和动机，以及对乙型肝炎（HBV）、丙型肝炎（HCV）、艾滋病毒、结核病（TB）、梅毒和寄生虫病等传染病的检测。移民中男性占绝大多数（95.9%），平均（范围）年龄为26岁（18 - 50岁）。大多数人来自撒哈拉以南非洲（83.2%），尼日利亚是主要来源国。大多数移民通过利比亚进入（87.1%），主要在意大利南部上岸，尤其是西西里岛（75.4%）。发现HBV（48.8%）、TB（27.8%）和寄生虫病（23.1%）的患病率很高，特别是在来自西非的人群中。相比之下，HCV（2.61%）、慢性肝炎（5.41%）、梅毒（2.99%）和艾滋病毒（1.31%）则不太常见。这些趋势与移民原籍国以及旅程中所到访国家的疾病流行病学情况一致。鉴于与意大利普通人群相比，移民中传染病的患病率更高，加强公共卫生措施至关重要。这包括实施及时的筛查服务、有针对性的监测以及在抵达接待中心后立即进行治疗，以保护移民和社区的健康。
