Abkenar Matin Roostaye, Imani Elham, Teshnizi Saeed Hosseini, Ahmadi Neda Sadat, Moradi Yasin
Master's student in medical surgical nursing, Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Associate Professor, Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Invest Educ Enferm. 2025 Apr;43(1). doi: 10.17533/udea.iee.v43n1e05.
To examine the impact of a self-care program designed using Peplau's theory on adherence and self-care in elderly diabetic patients.
This semi-experimental study involved 102 elderly diabetic patients from a diabetes clinic in Hormoz, Iran, in 2023. Partici-pants were randomly allocated to either the control group (n=51) or the intervention group (n=51). Before and two weeks after the intervention, participants completed a demographic information questionnaire, the Modanloo Adherence to Treatment Questionnaire for Patients with Chronic Illness, and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale. The intervention group received a self-care educational program based on Peplau's therapeutic communication theory, delivered in three phases: orientation, working, and termination. The program focused on key diabetes self-care factors including diet, medica-tion adherence, physical activity, blood sugar monitoring, and foot care. Educational sessions were conducted in small groups or individually in the clinic's education room. The control group received routine educational content provided by the diabetes clinic.
The findings showed that the difference between the pre-post mean scores was significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group in the total self-care score, as well as in its dimensions: diet, blood sugar regulation, and foot care (p<0.001). On the other hand, in terms of adherence, no significant difference was observed in the mean difference between groups for the total score (p=0.307), although a statistical difference was found in the dimensions of willingness to participate in treatment (p=0.035) and ability to adapt (p<0.001).
The self-care educational program based on Peplau's theory improved the self-care and two dimensions of the adherence: willingness to participate in treatment and ability to adapt in diabetic patients.
探讨运用佩普劳理论设计的自我护理项目对老年糖尿病患者依从性和自我护理的影响。
这项半实验性研究于2023年纳入了伊朗霍尔木兹一家糖尿病诊所的102名老年糖尿病患者。参与者被随机分为对照组（n = 51）和干预组（n = 51）。在干预前及干预后两周，参与者完成一份人口统计学信息问卷、慢性病患者莫达努治疗依从性问卷以及糖尿病自我护理活动量表。干预组接受基于佩普劳治疗性沟通理论的自我护理教育项目，分三个阶段进行：定向阶段、工作阶段和结束阶段。该项目聚焦于糖尿病自我护理的关键因素，包括饮食、药物依从性、体育活动、血糖监测和足部护理。教育课程在诊所的教育室以小组或个体形式进行。对照组接受糖尿病诊所提供的常规教育内容。
研究结果显示，干预组在自我护理总分及其维度（饮食、血糖调节和足部护理）上，前后平均得分的差异显著高于对照组（p < 0.001）。另一方面，在依从性方面，两组总分的平均差异无显著差异（p = 0.307），尽管在参与治疗的意愿维度（p = 0.035）和适应能力维度（p < 0.001）上发现了统计学差异。
基于佩普劳理论的自我护理教育项目改善了糖尿病患者的自我护理以及依从性的两个维度：参与治疗的意愿和适应能力。
