Merchant Z M, Kim Y S, Rice K G, Linhardt R J
Biochem J. 1985 Jul 15;229(2):369-77. doi: 10.1042/bj2290369.
The structure of heparin was examined by characterizing a disaccharide and five of the more than a dozen tetrasaccharide components obtained by its depolymerization with flavobacterial heparinase. Enzymic depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin results in a mixture of di-, tetra-, hexa- and higher oligo-saccharides. The di- and tetra-saccharide components represent 75mol/100mol of these heparin fragments. Ion-exchange chromatography indicates the presence of only one disaccharide, deltaIdu2S(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNS6S (where Idu is iduronic acid, deltaIdu is 4-deoxy-alpha-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid, GlcN is glucosamine, GlcA is glucuronic acid and S is sulphate), but results in the isolation of five major and at least seven minor tetrasaccharide components. The structures of the disaccharide and five major tetrasaccharides were determined by chemical, enzymic, electrophoretic and spectroscopic methods, including 13C, 1H n.m.r. and fast atom bombardment-m.s. The structure of these five tetrasaccharides are: delta Idu2S(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNS6S(1---4)-alpha-L-Idu2S(1-- --4)-alpha -D-GlcNS6S; delta Idu2S(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNS6S(1----4)-beta-D-GlcA(1--- -4)- alpha-D-GlcNS6S; delta Idu2S(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNS(1----4)-beta-D-GlcA delta Idu2S(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNAc(1----4)-beta-D-GlcA(1----4)- alpha-D-GlcNS6S; and delta Idu2S(1----4)-alpha- D-GlcNAc(1----4)-alpha-L-Idu(1----4)-alpha-D-GlcNS6S. Biological activity for the disaccharide and the five major tetrasaccharides was examined, and none of them were found to possess significant anticoagulant activity.
通过对一种二糖以及用黄杆菌属肝素酶使其解聚得到的十几种四糖成分中的五种进行表征，研究了肝素的结构。猪黏膜肝素的酶解聚产生了二糖、四糖、六糖及更高寡糖的混合物。二糖和四糖成分占这些肝素片段的75mol/100mol。离子交换色谱表明仅存在一种二糖，即δIdo2S(1→4)-α-D-GlcNS6S（其中Ido是艾杜糖醛酸，δIdo是4-脱氧-α-L-苏-己-4-烯吡喃糖醛酸，GlcN是葡糖胺，GlcA是葡糖醛酸，S是硫酸盐），但可分离出五种主要的和至少七种次要的四糖成分。通过化学、酶、电泳和光谱方法，包括13C、1H核磁共振和快原子轰击质谱，确定了二糖和五种主要四糖的结构。这五种四糖的结构如下：δIdo2S(1→4)-α-D-GlcNS6S(1→4)-α-L-Ido2S(1→4)-α-D-GlcNS6S；δIdo2S(1→4)-α-D-GlcNS6S(1→4)-β-D-GlcA(1→4)-α-D-GlcNS6S；δIdo2S(1→4)-α-D-GlcNS(1→4)-β-D-GlcA δIdo2S(1→4)-α-D-GlcNAc(1→4)-β-D-GlcA(1→4)-α-D-GlcNS6S；以及δIdo2S(1→4)-α-D-GlcNAc(1→4)-α-L-Ido(1→4)-α-D-GlcNS6S。检测了二糖和五种主要四糖的生物活性，发现它们均不具有显著抗凝活性。
