Farooq Ambar, Wanyan Hongying, Li Qin, Lu Shengchang, Huang Weiqi, Waqas Muhammad, Hong Biqiong, Huang Liulian, Chen Lihui, Zhou Xiaxing, Wu Hui
College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China.
College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2025 Jun 15;358:123534. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123534. Epub 2025 Mar 25.
Cellulose-based hydrogels are promising materials for constructing flexible supercapacitors and energy storage devices due to their environmental sustainability and resource renewability. However, preparing cellulose-based hydrogel electrolytes with super flexibility, high conductivity, and high specific capacitance for practical applications is still challenging. Herein, an adhesive, antibacterial, conductive zwitterionic cellulose nanofibers-reinforced poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate-acrylic acid-acrylamide (ZCNF/PSAA) composite hydrogel was fabricated by a blue light-triggered free radical polymerization of 2-methacryloyloxy ethyl dimethyl-3-sulfopropyl ammonium hydroxide (SBMA), acrylic acid (AA), acryl amide (AM), dopamine methacrylamide (DMA) and zwitterionic cellulose nanofibers (ZCNF). The prepared hydrogel exhibited excellent mechanical properties with tensile strength of 0.17 MPa, compressive strength of 0.87 MPa, and shear strength of 1.25 MPa, respectively. The zwitterionic groups significantly enhanced the hydrogel's conductivity (5.8 S/m). Moreover, the hydrogel with electrically sensitive perception of external strain (GF = 2.5), can withstand large bending and compression deformations and can be used as a motion sensor to monitor human movements such as arm and finger bending, pressing, and subtle fist clenching. The resulting hydrogel presented excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. As the hydrogel was applied as electrolyte, the developed super-capacitor exhibited a desirable specific capacitance of 404.5 mF·cm, with a maximum energy density of 53.93 Wh·kg and capacitance retention of 80.3 % after 2000 consecutive charge-discharge cycles. The ZCNF/PSAA hydrogel has great potential for applications in flexible strain sensors and energy storage devices.
基于纤维素的水凝胶因其环境可持续性和资源可再生性，是构建柔性超级电容器和储能装置的有前途的材料。然而，制备具有超柔韧性、高导电性和高比电容的基于纤维素的水凝胶电解质以用于实际应用仍然具有挑战性。在此，通过2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基二甲基-3-磺丙基氢氧化铵（SBMA）、丙烯酸（AA）、丙烯酰胺（AM）、多巴胺甲基丙烯酰胺（DMA）和两性离子纤维素纳米纤维（ZCNF）的蓝光引发自由基聚合，制备了一种具有粘性、抗菌、导电的两性离子纤维素纳米纤维增强聚（甲基丙烯酸磺酸甜菜碱-丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺）（ZCNF/PSAA）复合水凝胶。所制备的水凝胶表现出优异的机械性能，拉伸强度为0.17MPa，抗压强度为0.87MPa，剪切强度分别为1.25MPa。两性离子基团显著提高了水凝胶的导电性（5.8S/m）。此外，该水凝胶对外界应变具有电敏感感知能力（GF = 2.5），能够承受大的弯曲和压缩变形，可作为运动传感器来监测人体运动，如手臂和手指的弯曲、按压以及轻微的握拳动作。所得水凝胶对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌表现出优异的抗菌活性。当将该水凝胶用作电解质时，所开发的超级电容器表现出理想的比电容404.5mF·cm，最大能量密度为53.93Wh·kg，在连续2000次充放电循环后电容保持率为80.3%。ZCNF/PSAA水凝胶在柔性应变传感器和储能装置中具有巨大的应用潜力。
