Yuan Xue-Feng, Shi Lin-Tong, Yang Yue, An Qi-Min
College of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710054, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2024 Dec 18;35(12):3235-3246. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202412.019.
Clarifying the impacts of human activities and vegetation cover on key ecosystem services (ESs) is of significance for promoting ecological management and achieving sustainable development in ecologically fragile areas. We quantified four key ESs (net primary production, water yield, habitat quality, soil conversation) of the Loess Hilly-Gully region of Northern Shaanxi. We analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of human activities, vegetation cover, and ESs, as well as the impacts of human activities and vegetation cover on ESs by using correlation analyses and segmented linear regressions. Human activities were quantified based on night-time lighting index, population density, and land use data. Results showed that soil conservation, water yield, habitat quality, and total ecosystem service (TES) of the study area had shown a fluctuating upward trend from 2000 to 2020, and that net primary productivity showed a significant increase. The human activity index (HAI) firstly declined and then increased, with an overall downward trend, and the average annual value declined by 17.1%. The fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) first increased and then declined, with an overall rising trend, and the average annual value rose by 9.2%. There was a negative correlation between human activities and ESs, and synergistic relationships between vegetation cover and key ESs, except water production. HAI on ESs firstly decreased and then increased. The impact of FVC on ESs was constantly increasing, and the adaptability of ecosystem services to vegetation changes was gradually strengthening. Our results could provide a reference for the formulation of ecological restoration strategies in ecologically fragile areas.
阐明人类活动和植被覆盖对关键生态系统服务的影响，对于促进生态管理和实现生态脆弱地区的可持续发展具有重要意义。我们对陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区的四项关键生态系统服务（净初级生产力、产水量、栖息地质量、土壤保持）进行了量化。通过相关性分析和分段线性回归，我们分析了人类活动、植被覆盖和生态系统服务的时空变化，以及人类活动和植被覆盖对生态系统服务的影响。基于夜间灯光指数、人口密度和土地利用数据对人类活动进行了量化。结果表明，研究区的土壤保持、产水量、栖息地质量和总生态系统服务在2000年至2020年呈波动上升趋势，净初级生产力显著增加。人类活动指数（HAI）先下降后上升，总体呈下降趋势，年均值下降了17.1%。植被覆盖度（FVC）先增加后下降，总体呈上升趋势，年均值上升了9.2%。人类活动与生态系统服务之间呈负相关，植被覆盖与关键生态系统服务之间呈协同关系，但产水服务除外。HAI对生态系统服务的影响先减小后增大。FVC对生态系统服务的影响不断增加，生态系统服务对植被变化的适应性逐渐增强。我们的结果可为生态脆弱地区生态恢复策略的制定提供参考。
