Reiner Annie I, Greenberg Alex J, Jarrett Matthew A, Becker Stephen P, Kofler Michael J, Luebbe Aaron M, Burns G Leonard, Garner Annie A
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
J Atten Disord. 2025 Jul;29(9):766-772. doi: 10.1177/10870547251340039. Epub 2025 May 19.
Previous research suggests that college students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are at risk for experiencing ruminative thinking. Although research has shown that stimulant medications reduce ADHD symptoms, no research has looked at whether stimulant medication moderates the association between ADHD symptoms and rumination. Given this gap in the literature, the current study examined whether stimulant medication status moderates the association between ADHD symptoms and rumination. Participants ( = 4,751) were undergraduate psychology students from six universities (70.0% female; = 19.08; = 1.36) who participated in a larger study. College students completed questionnaires related to ADHD symptoms and rumination and indicated whether they were currently taking a stimulant medication. Results of the moderation model indicated a significant main effect for ADHD inattentive symptoms (β = 5.20, < .05, 95% CI [4.43, 5.98]) and a significant interaction effect between ADHD inattentive symptoms and stimulant medication in relation to rumination (β = -2.41, < .05, 95% CI [-4.51, -.30]). Examination of conditional effects revealed significant simple slopes for students both on and off medication but a stronger association for those off (β = 5.20, < .05, 95% CI [4.43, 5.98]) versus on (β = 2.80, < .05, 95% CI [.78, 4.81]) stimulant medication. Stimulant medication status did not moderate the association between ADHD hyperactive/impulsive symptoms and rumination. Future research should continue to explore the potential benefits of stimulant medication for reducing the association between ADHD inattention symptoms and rumination.
先前的研究表明，有注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）症状的大学生存在反复思考的风险。尽管研究表明兴奋剂药物可减轻ADHD症状，但尚无研究探讨兴奋剂药物是否会缓和ADHD症状与反复思考之间的关联。鉴于文献中的这一空白，本研究考察了兴奋剂药物使用状况是否会缓和ADHD症状与反复思考之间的关联。参与者（n = 4751）是来自六所大学的本科心理学专业学生（70.0%为女性；M = 19.08；SD = 1.36），他们参与了一项更大规模的研究。大学生们完成了与ADHD症状和反复思考相关的问卷，并表明他们目前是否正在服用兴奋剂药物。调节模型的结果显示，ADHD注意力不集中症状有显著的主效应（β = 5.20，p <.05，95%置信区间[4.43, 5.98]），且ADHD注意力不集中症状与兴奋剂药物在反复思考方面存在显著的交互效应（β = -2.41，p <.05，95%置信区间[-4.51, -.30]）。对条件效应的检验发现，服药和未服药的学生都有显著的简单斜率，但未服药的学生（β = 5.20，p <.05，95%置信区间[4.43, 5.98]）与服用兴奋剂药物的学生（β = 2.80，p <.05，95%置信区间[.78, 4.81]）相比，关联更强。兴奋剂药物使用状况并未缓和ADHD多动/冲动症状与反复思考之间的关联。未来的研究应继续探索兴奋剂药物在减少ADHD注意力不集中症状与反复思考之间关联方面的潜在益处。
