Chatterjee Rohan, Ray Soumalya, Mukhopadhyay Dipta Kanti
Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2025 Mar-Apr;50(2):331-336. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_323_23. Epub 2025 Feb 1.
Household food security (HHFS) and age-appropriate complementary feeding (CF) conceptually play an important role in growth of a child. This study aims to assess the status of HHFS, age-appropriate CF, and undernutrition among children of 6-23 months and their association (if any).
This institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children attending Pediatric OPD of College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital. Children were assessed regarding age-appropriate complementary feeding using infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices indicator, nutritional status using composite index of anthropometric failure indicators, and HHFS using standardized and validated HHFS short Bengali version questionnaire. Mothers/primary caregivers were the respondents. Categorical variables were expressed in frequency and percentages. Statistical analysis was done in Jamovi (v2.2.5).
430 mother-child dyads participated in the study with 83.26% of them having low or very low food security. Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) was absent in 74.65% of children and 42.09% of children had single/multiple anthropometric failure(s). Children aged 6-8 months had higher odds of not having MAD (AOR = 3.6, 1.5-8.3). Male gender (AOR = 2.7, 1.7-4.2) and lack of MAD (AOR = 2.7, 1.6-4.7) were associated with anthropometric failure. However, HHFS was not found to be associated with either lack of MAD or anthropometric failure in this study population.
Improper transition from exclusive breast feeding to CF may be responsible for higher odds of having lack of MAD in 6-8 months age group, which require strengthening of IEC activity related to IYCF practices on or before initiation of complementary feeding.
家庭粮食安全（HHFS）和适宜年龄的辅食喂养（CF）在儿童生长发育中理论上起着重要作用。本研究旨在评估6至23个月儿童的家庭粮食安全状况、适宜年龄的辅食喂养情况和营养不良状况及其关联（若有）。
本基于机构的横断面研究在医学院和萨戈尔·杜塔医院儿科门诊就诊的儿童中进行。使用婴幼儿喂养（IYCF）实践指标评估儿童适宜年龄的辅食喂养情况，使用人体测量失败指标综合指数评估营养状况，使用标准化且经过验证的孟加拉语简短家庭粮食安全问卷评估家庭粮食安全状况。母亲/主要照料者作为受访者。分类变量以频率和百分比表示。在Jamovi（v2.2.5）中进行统计分析。
430对母婴参与了研究，其中83.26%的家庭粮食安全水平低或极低。74.65%的儿童不存在最低可接受饮食（MAD），42.09%的儿童存在一项或多项人体测量失败情况。6至8个月大的儿童没有MAD的几率更高（调整后比值比[AOR]=3.6，1.5 - 8.3）。男性（AOR = 2.7，1.7 - 4.2）和缺乏MAD（AOR = 2.7，1.6 - 4.7）与人体测量失败有关。然而，在本研究人群中，未发现家庭粮食安全与缺乏MAD或人体测量失败有关。
从纯母乳喂养到辅食喂养的不当过渡可能是6至8个月年龄组缺乏MAD几率较高的原因，这需要在开始辅食喂养时或之前加强与婴幼儿喂养实践相关的信息、教育和宣传活动。
