Schnabel Roman
Institut für Quantenphysik & Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
npj Quantum Inf. 2025;11(1):76. doi: 10.1038/s41534-025-01028-7. Epub 2025 May 14.
The amazing quantum effect of 'entanglement' was discovered in the 1935 thought experiment by Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen ('EPR'). The ensuing research opened up fundamental questions and led to experiments that proved that quantum theory cannot be completed by local hidden variables. Remarkably, EPR did not discuss how to create the entanglement in their thought experiment. Here I add this part. What is required in the original EPR thought experiment is a simple elastic particle collision, an unbalanced mass ratio of e.g. 1:3 and initial states that are position and momentum squeezed, respectively. In the limiting case of infinite squeeze factors, the measurement of the position or momentum of one particle allows an absolutely precise conclusion to be drawn about the value of the same quantity of the other particle. The EPR idea has never been tested in this way. I outline a way to do this.
1935年,阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦、鲍里斯·波多尔斯基和内森·罗森(“EPR”)在思想实验中发现了惊人的“纠缠”量子效应。随后的研究提出了一些基本问题,并引发了相关实验,这些实验证明量子理论无法由局域隐变量来完善。值得注意的是,EPR在其思想实验中并未讨论如何产生纠缠。在此我补充这一部分内容。原始EPR思想实验所需的是一个简单的弹性粒子碰撞,质量比不平衡,例如1:3,以及分别为位置和动量压缩的初始状态。在无限压缩因子的极限情况下,对一个粒子的位置或动量进行测量,就能对另一个粒子相同量的值得出绝对精确的结论。EPR的想法从未以这种方式得到验证。我概述了一种实现此目的的方法。