Yang Daiyi, Sun Tongyu, Zheng Yongjie, Ghaffari Morteza H, Huang Yanling, Sun Yuanfeng, Li Xiaoyang, Ma Tao
Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Institute of Animal Science, Physiology Unit, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany.
Transl Anim Sci. 2025 Apr 14;9:txaf044. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaf044. eCollection 2025.
Peanut crop residues such as peanut vine are widely used to feed small ruminants as roughage in Asia, where the population of sheep and goat takes a large proportion in the world. Compared to peanut vine, straw is considered as a less nutritious but promising roughage source due to high availability and low price. Extrusion is a process to improve the palatability and digestibility of the feed. Here, we investigated the effects of replacing peanut vine with extruded rape straw on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, energy metabolism, microbial crude protein (MCP) synthesis, and amino acid and fatty acid profiles in the (LT) of finishing lambs. Twenty-four 2-mo-old male Hu lambs of similar body weight (19.5 ± 1.0 kg) were fed two diets containing either peanut vine (CON, n = 12) or extruded rape straw (TRT, n = 12) as the only roughage source. The dietary concentrate to forage ratio was 70:30. Lambs were fed twice daily and had ad libitum access to feed and clean water. The experiment lasted 120 d, including a 30-d adaptation period. Lambs were weighed every 30 d. Digestibility trial was conducted during the 81 to 90 d of the experiment. At the end of the experiments, lambs were slaughtered for ruminal fluid and meat sample collection. Data were analyzed using mixed model with repeated measures, Student's t-test, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. No difference in growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, or energy utilization efficiency was observed, except for the apparent digestibility of ether extract, which was greater (= 0.008) for lambs in the TRT group. In addition, the MCP estimated using urinary purine derivatives ( = 0.072) tended to be greater in the lambs of the TRT group. The concentration of most amino acids and fatty acids was not different in the LT sample of two groups of lambs, while the concentration of Met ( = 0.044) was greater, and that of myristoleic acid (C14:1) ( = 0.010), heptadecenoic acid (C17:1) ( < 0.001), trans-linoleic acid (C18:2n6t) ( = 0.003) and gamma-linolenic acid (C18:3n6) ( < 0.001) were lower in the LT sample of lambs from TRT group. In conclusion, extruded rape straw can effectively replace peanut vine in the diet of lambs without compromising health or nutrient utilization.
在亚洲，花生藤等花生作物残渣被广泛用作小反刍动物的粗饲料，亚洲的绵羊和山羊数量在世界上占很大比例。与花生藤相比，稻草因可用性高和价格低，被认为是一种营养较低但有前景的粗饲料来源。挤压是一种改善饲料适口性和消化率的工艺。在此，我们研究了用挤压油菜秸秆替代花生藤对育肥羔羊生长性能、表观养分消化率、能量代谢、微生物粗蛋白（MCP）合成以及氨基酸和脂肪酸谱的影响。将24只体重相近（19.5±1.0千克）的2月龄雄性湖羊羔羊分为两组，分别饲喂两种日粮，一组日粮以花生藤为唯一粗饲料来源（对照组，n = 12），另一组以挤压油菜秸秆为唯一粗饲料来源（试验组，n = 12）。日粮精粗比为70:30。羔羊每天饲喂两次，自由采食饲料和清洁饮水。试验持续120天，包括30天的适应期。每30天对羔羊进行称重。在试验的第81至90天进行消化率试验。试验结束时，宰杀羔羊收集瘤胃液和肉样。数据采用重复测量混合模型、Student's t检验或Wilcoxon符号秩检验进行分析。除试验组羔羊的乙醚提取物表观消化率更高（P = 0.008）外，未观察到生长性能、养分表观消化率或能量利用效率的差异。此外，试验组羔羊中，利用尿嘌呤衍生物估算的MCP（P = 0.072）有更高的趋势。两组羔羊的背最长肌（LT）样本中，大多数氨基酸和脂肪酸的浓度没有差异，而试验组羔羊的LT样本中蛋氨酸（P = 0.044）浓度更高，肉豆蔻油酸（C14:1）（P = 0.010）、十七碳烯酸（C17:1）（P < 0.001）、反式亚油酸（C18:2n6t）（P = 0.003）和γ-亚麻酸（C18:3n6）（P < 0.001）浓度更低。总之，挤压油菜秸秆可以有效替代羔羊日粮中的花生藤，而不影响羔羊健康或养分利用。
