Daniels Bryce T, Suzuki Sumihiro, Karavolos Kelly, Drees Betty M, Lohse Barbara, Bailey-Davis Lisa, Nicklas Jacinda M, Masters Kevin S, Powell Lynda H
Family and Preventative Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2025 May 14;18:1575-1585. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S484850. eCollection 2025.
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) continues to increase. The severity of MetS can be defined by the number of components or, more recently, a continuous MetS severity score (MetSSS). However, studies that examine lifestyle factors predictive of MetS severity, in general, are lacking. This study aims to compare lifestyle behaviors (eg, physical activity and diet), health perceptions (eg, overall and mental health perceptions), and psychosocial outcomes (eg, perceived stress and social support) among people with a varied number of MetS components and to evaluate associations with MetSSS.
This cross-sectional study utilized baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of 618 participants with MetS recruited from 5 different sites across the US We collected data using accelerometers, standard questionnaires, bloodwork, and doing physical measurements. We used a series of separate linear regression models (unadjusted and adjusted) to evaluate differences in lifestyle behaviors, health perceptions, and psychosocial factors between people with 3, 4, and 5 MetS components. We conducted additional linear regression models (unadjusted and adjusted) to assess the association between these same variables and a continuous MetSSS.
Lifestyle behaviors, health perceptions, and psychosocial factors were not different among people with 3, 4, and 5 MetS components. However, in the adjusted models, a lower MetSSS was associated with more average daily steps (β = -631.69, < 0.001), healthier overall health perception (β = -0.14, = 0.014), more social support for physical activity from friends (β = -0.89, = 0.011) and more social support for healthy eating from friends (β = -0.42, = 0.015).
The MetSSS was shown to be more sensitive to modifiable lifestyle factors compared to the number of MetS components, indicating the importance of using the MetSSS in lifestyle interventions targeting MetS to achieve MetS remission.
代谢综合征（MetS）的患病率持续上升。MetS的严重程度可以通过其组成成分的数量来定义，或者更近一些，通过一个连续的MetS严重程度评分（MetSSS）来定义。然而，总体而言，缺乏研究来考察预测MetS严重程度的生活方式因素。本研究旨在比较具有不同数量MetS组成成分的人群的生活方式行为（如身体活动和饮食）、健康认知（如总体健康和心理健康认知）以及心理社会结果（如感知压力和社会支持），并评估与MetSSS的关联。
这项横断面研究利用了一项随机对照试验的基线数据，该试验在美国5个不同地点招募了618名患有MetS的参与者。我们使用加速度计、标准问卷、血液检测和身体测量来收集数据。我们使用一系列单独的线性回归模型（未调整和调整后）来评估具有3、4和5个MetS组成成分的人群在生活方式行为、健康认知和心理社会因素方面的差异。我们进行了额外的线性回归模型（未调整和调整后）来评估这些相同变量与连续的MetSSS之间的关联。
具有3、4和5个MetS组成成分的人群在生活方式行为、健康认知和心理社会因素方面没有差异。然而，在调整后的模型中，较低的MetSSS与更多的平均每日步数（β = -631.69，P < 0.001）、更健康的总体健康认知（β = -0.14，P = 0.014）、来自朋友对身体活动的更多社会支持（β = -0.89, P = 0.011）以及来自朋友对健康饮食的更多社会支持（β = -0.42, P = 0.015）相关。
与MetS组成成分的数量相比，MetSSS对可改变的生活方式因素更为敏感，这表明在针对MetS的生活方式干预中使用MetSSS以实现MetS缓解的重要性。
