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基于遗传学的精确神经调节靶向策略。

Genetics-Based Targeting Strategies for Precise Neuromodulation.

作者信息

He Yuyuan, Wei Zhidong, Xu Jianda, Jin Fei, Li Tong, Qian Lili, Ma Juan, Zheng Weiying, Javanmardi Negar, Wang Ting, Sun Kangjian, Feng Zhang-Qi

机构信息

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P.R. China.

Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, 213003, P. R. China.

出版信息

Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jul;12(28):e13817. doi: 10.1002/advs.202413817. Epub 2025 May 19.

DOI:10.1002/advs.202413817
PMID:40387259
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12302646/
Abstract

Genetics-based neuromodulation schemes are capable of selectively manipulating the activity of defined cell populations with high temporal-spatial resolution, providing unprecedented opportunities for probing cellular biological mechanisms, resolving neuronal projection pathways, mapping neural profiles, and precisely treating neurological and psychiatric disorders. Multimodal implementation schemes, which involve the use of exogenous stimuli such as light, heat, mechanical force, chemicals, electricity, and magnetic stimulation in combination with specific genetically engineered effectors, greatly expand their application space and scenarios. In particular, advanced wireless stimulation schemes have enabled low-invasive targeted neuromodulation through local delivery of navigable micro- and nanosized stimulators. In this review, the fundamental principles and implementation protocols of genetics-based precision neuromodulation are first introduced.The implementation schemes are systematically summarized, including optical, thermal, force, chemical, electrical, and magnetic stimulation, with an emphasis on those wireless and low-invasive strategies. Representative studies are dissected and analyzed for their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the significance of genetics-based precision neuromodulation is emphasized and the open challenges and future perspectives are concluded.

摘要

基于遗传学的神经调节方案能够以高时空分辨率选择性地操纵特定细胞群的活动，为探究细胞生物学机制、解析神经元投射通路、绘制神经图谱以及精确治疗神经和精神疾病提供了前所未有的机会。多模态实施方案涉及将光、热、机械力、化学物质、电和磁刺激等外源性刺激与特定的基因工程效应器结合使用，极大地扩展了它们的应用空间和场景。特别是，先进的无线刺激方案通过局部递送可导航的微米和纳米尺寸刺激器实现了低侵入性靶向神经调节。在这篇综述中，首先介绍了基于遗传学的精确神经调节的基本原理和实施方案。系统总结了实施方案，包括光、热、力、化学、电和磁刺激，重点介绍了那些无线和低侵入性策略。剖析并分析了代表性研究的优缺点。最后，强调了基于遗传学的精确神经调节的意义，并总结了开放挑战和未来展望。

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