Chen Feifan, Yasoda-Mohan Anusha, Sé Colum Ó, Vanneste Sven
Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2025 Jun 1;46(8):e70211. doi: 10.1002/hbm.70211.
Perception is a probabilistic estimation of the sensory information we receive at any given time and is shaped by an internal model generated by the brain by assimilating information over the life course. This predictive system in the brain has several components-(i) the internal model, (ii) the model-based prediction called priors, (iii) the weighted difference between the prior and sensory input called prediction error (PE) and (iv) the weighted sum of the prior and input called perceptual inference. Until now, different studies have explored the independent components of this predictive coding system, and we, for the first time to our knowledge, integrate them. To do this, we induce a conditioned hallucination (CH) illusion by means of a multisensory integration paradigm and use this as a model to study the behavioral and electrophysiological responses to this experience. Additionally, we also probe their predictive coding system using a well-established local-global auditory oddball paradigm. By comparing the behavioral and electrophysiological components of people more and less likely to perceive an illusion in the two paradigms, we observed that high perceivers place more confidence in their internal model and low perceivers in the sensory information. Furthermore, high perceivers were more sensitive than low perceivers to PEs that were generated by a change in the context of the sensory information, which served as a measure of a change in the internal model itself. As an exploratory analysis, we also observed that the objective likelihood of perceiving an illusion was corrected to the self-reported likelihood of perceiving an illusion in a day-to-day setting, which disappears when controlled for the perceptual threshold. These results taken together start to give us an idea as to how a person's innate bias-either towards a learned model or external information may-affect their perception in a sensory context.
感知是对我们在任何给定时间接收到的感官信息的概率估计,它由大脑通过在生命过程中吸收信息而生成的内部模型塑造而成。大脑中的这个预测系统有几个组成部分:(i)内部模型,(ii)称为先验的基于模型的预测,(iii)先验与感官输入之间的加权差异,称为预测误差(PE),以及(iv)先验与输入的加权和,称为感知推理。到目前为止,不同的研究已经探索了这个预测编码系统的独立组成部分,而据我们所知,我们首次将它们整合起来。为此,我们通过多感官整合范式诱发条件性幻觉(CH)错觉,并将其用作研究对这种体验的行为和电生理反应的模型。此外,我们还使用成熟的局部 - 全局听觉奇球范式探究他们的预测编码系统。通过比较在这两种范式中更有可能和不太可能感知到错觉的人的行为和电生理成分,我们观察到高感知者对其内部模型更有信心,而低感知者对感官信息更有信心。此外,高感知者比低感知者对由感官信息背景变化产生的预测误差更敏感,这可作为内部模型本身变化的一种度量。作为一项探索性分析,我们还观察到在日常环境中,感知错觉的客观可能性被校正为自我报告的感知错觉的可能性,而当控制感知阈值时这种情况就会消失。综合这些结果,我们开始了解一个人对学习模型或外部信息的先天偏见如何可能在感官环境中影响他们的感知。
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