Sutkowska Kinga, Koper-Lenkiewicz Olga Martyna, Matowicka-Karna Joanna, Kamińska Joanna
Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital of the Medical University of Bialystok, 15A Jerzego Waszyngtona St., 15-269, Białystok, Poland.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15A Jerzego Waszyngtona St., 15-269, Białystok, Poland.
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2025 May 20;45(1):46. doi: 10.1007/s10571-025-01572-y.
The mechanisms underlying the formation and rupture of intracranial aneurysms remain unclear. Rupture of the aneurysmal wall causes subarachnoid hemorrhage, with a mortality rate of 35-50%. Literature suggests that rupture is associated with the remodeling of the aneurysmal wall, including endothelial cell damage, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) proliferation, and inflammatory cell infiltration, particularly macrophages. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional factor that plays a diverse role in cell growth and differentiation. It is crucial for strengthening vessel walls during angiogenesis and also regulates the proliferation of SMCs, indicating the potential involvement of TGF-β signaling in the pathogenesis and development of cerebral aneurysms. This review examines the complex role of TGF-β, its receptors, and signaling pathways in cerebral aneurysm formation and progression. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of TGF-β signaling in aneurysm development is vital for identifying potential therapeutic targets to prevent aneurysm rupture. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the role of TGF-β in aneurysm pathophysiology, which could lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for aneurysm prevention and management, particularly in preventing subarachnoid hemorrhage.
颅内动脉瘤形成和破裂的潜在机制仍不清楚。动脉瘤壁破裂会导致蛛网膜下腔出血，死亡率为35%-50%。文献表明，破裂与动脉瘤壁的重塑有关，包括内皮细胞损伤、平滑肌细胞（SMC）增殖和炎症细胞浸润，尤其是巨噬细胞。转化生长因子β（TGF-β）是一种多功能因子，在细胞生长和分化中发挥多种作用。它在血管生成过程中对强化血管壁至关重要，还调节SMC的增殖，表明TGF-β信号可能参与脑动脉瘤的发病机制和发展。本综述探讨了TGF-β及其受体和信号通路在脑动脉瘤形成和进展中的复杂作用。了解TGF-β信号在动脉瘤发展中的分子机制对于确定预防动脉瘤破裂的潜在治疗靶点至关重要。有必要进行进一步研究以充分阐明TGF-β在动脉瘤病理生理学中的作用，这可能会导致开发出预防和治疗动脉瘤的新策略，特别是预防蛛网膜下腔出血。
