Morton A R, Holmik E V
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1985;53(4):348-52. doi: 10.1007/BF00422852.
The acute and chronic effects of cigarette smoking on selected physiological responses were determined in seven well-trained non-smokers and seven well-trained habitual smokers. Non-smokers and smokers did not differ significantly with respect to maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). The acute effect of smoking two cigarettes immediately prior to a graded exercise stress test on a treadmill ergometer did not significantly alter the VO2max of either group. However, the time taken for non-smokers to reach exhaustion decreased significantly (F = 5.381, P less than 0.05) by a mean of 0.64 min. Smokers recorded lower scores for forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the 1st s exhalation (FEV1) than non-smokers. Only the mean FVC of smokers recorded 5 min post-exercise was significantly altered by pre-exercise smoking. No differences were found between the resting heart rates (HR) of non-smokers and smokers. Smoking two cigarettes significantly (F = 44.720, P less than 0.01) increased the mean resting HR of smokers and non-smokers by 15.8 beats X min-1 and 15.6 beats X min-1 respectively. No alteration to the exercise HR of either group was found under smoking conditions of the VO2max tests.
在7名训练有素的非吸烟者和7名训练有素的习惯性吸烟者中，确定了吸烟对选定生理反应的急性和慢性影响。非吸烟者和吸烟者在最大耗氧量（VO2max）方面没有显著差异。在跑步机测力计上进行分级运动应激测试前立即吸两支烟的急性影响，并未显著改变两组的VO2max。然而，非吸烟者达到疲劳的时间显著缩短（F = 5.381，P < 0.05），平均缩短0.64分钟。吸烟者的用力肺活量（FVC）和第1秒呼气末用力呼气量（FEV1）得分低于非吸烟者。仅运动前吸烟显著改变了吸烟者运动后5分钟记录的平均FVC。非吸烟者和吸烟者的静息心率（HR）没有差异。吸两支烟显著（F = 44.720，P < 0.01）增加了吸烟者和非吸烟者的平均静息心率，分别增加了15.8次/分钟和15.6次/分钟。在VO2max测试的吸烟条件下，两组的运动心率均未发生改变。
