Shabani Mohammad, Ghoshehy Ali, Mottaghi Amir Mohammad, Chegini Zahra, Kerami Azam, Shariati Aref, Taati Moghadam Majid
Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 May 6;15:1516010. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1516010. eCollection 2025.
The complex interrelation of gut microbiota with human health underlines the profound influence this microbial ecosystem has on mechanisms of disease and wellness. The gut microbiome profoundly impacts various human diseases, encompassing gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic disorders, neurological disorders, and immune-related diseases. Gastrointestinal disorders are closely linked to microbial imbalances in the gut. Metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes, are influenced by the gut microbiota's role in energy regulation and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, the gut-brain axis highlights the correlation between gut microbiota and neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Moreover, the gut microbiome assumes a pivotal function in regulating the immune system, whereby dysbiosis is implicated in developing immunological-related ailments, including allergies and autoimmune disorders. Predisposing factors, including diet, medicines, lifestyle, and environmental influences, are described as having an important role in the composition of the gut microbiome. By understanding these factors, we can get valuable insights into how to intervene to reduce the chances of a disease. Current interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplants, and lifestyle modification, show promise, but there are still challenges and unanswered questions in this evolving field that may lead to improvements. This review interrelates the complicated gut microbiome with various human diseases, mechanisms, predisposing factors, and potential interventions.
肠道微生物群与人类健康之间复杂的相互关系突显了这个微生物生态系统对疾病和健康机制的深远影响。肠道微生物组对多种人类疾病产生深远影响，包括胃肠道疾病、代谢紊乱、神经疾病和免疫相关疾病。胃肠道疾病与肠道微生物失衡密切相关。代谢紊乱，包括肥胖症和2型糖尿病，受到肠道微生物群在能量调节和葡萄糖代谢中作用的影响。此外，肠-脑轴突出了肠道微生物群与阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等神经疾病之间的关联。此外，肠道微生物组在调节免疫系统方面发挥着关键作用，其中生态失调与包括过敏和自身免疫性疾病在内的免疫相关疾病的发生有关。包括饮食、药物、生活方式和环境影响在内的易感因素被认为在肠道微生物组的组成中起着重要作用。通过了解这些因素，我们可以获得关于如何进行干预以降低疾病发生几率的宝贵见解。目前的干预措施，包括益生菌、益生元、粪便微生物群移植和生活方式改变，显示出了前景，但在这个不断发展的领域中仍然存在挑战和未解决的问题，这些问题可能会带来改善。这篇综述将复杂的肠道微生物组与各种人类疾病、机制、易感因素和潜在干预措施联系起来。
