奥里萨邦一家三级护理医院中孕妇的乙肝病毒感染比例、疫苗知晓率及接种覆盖率——一项横断面研究
Proportion of hepatitis B virus infection, vaccine awareness, and coverage among pregnant mothers attending a tertiary care hospital in Odisha - A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Parida Swayam P, Mishra Baijayantimala, Bhatia Vikas, Jena Saubhagya K, Pal Debkumar, Paul Sourabh, Sahoo Jyotiranjan
机构信息
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
出版信息
J Family Med Prim Care. 2025 Apr;14(4):1420-1424. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1581_24. Epub 2025 Apr 25.
BACKGROUND
Knowledge regarding the hepatitis B vaccination is crucial for eliminating hepatitis B. We aimed to estimate the proportion of hepatitis B infection among pregnant mothers attending a tertiary care hospital in eastern India, along with an assessment of knowledge on hepatitis B infection and preventive measures among them. We also aimed to estimate the coverage of the hepatitis B vaccine and the factors responsible for the nonacceptance of the vaccine.
METHODOLOGY
We conducted a cross-sectional study at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, for a year from 1 May 2017 to 30 April 2018. Study participants were selected from pregnant women coming to the outpatient department (OPD) of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for routine antenatal check-ups who were willing to participate and consented to the study. A pre-designed, pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data regarding the level of knowledge on hepatitis B infection and vaccination. We also collected venous blood samples for the detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg).
RESULTS
A total of 510 pregnant women were recruited for 1 year. The mean age of the study participants was 27.2 years (±4.7 years). Only 2 (0.3%) out of 510 study participants were HBsAg-positive. Around two-thirds of study participants, that is, 324 (63.5%), had heard of hepatitis B. When enquired about the source of information, radio and television were mentioned by 24% of participants. Another 11% mentioned they received information from doctors. Only 12.4 % of participants received the Hep-B vaccine, 85.9% did not, and 1.8% were unaware of their vaccination status.
CONCLUSION
It was revealed that the proportion of hepatitis B among pregnant women was below the national level. The level of knowledge among the beneficiaries was not satisfactory. Organised health education through mass media has to be enhanced to increase awareness among the general population regarding the hepatitis B vaccination.
背景
关于乙肝疫苗接种的知识对于消除乙肝至关重要。我们旨在估算印度东部一家三级护理医院中孕妇的乙肝感染比例，并评估她们对乙肝感染及预防措施的知晓情况。我们还旨在估算乙肝疫苗的接种覆盖率以及导致疫苗未被接受的因素。
方法
我们于2017年5月1日至2018年4月30日在布巴内斯瓦尔的全印度医学科学研究所进行了为期一年的横断面研究。研究参与者从前往妇产科门诊进行常规产前检查且愿意参与并同意该研究的孕妇中选取。使用预先设计并经过预测试的问卷收集有关乙肝感染和疫苗接种知识水平的数据。我们还采集静脉血样本用于检测乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）。
结果
一年内共招募了510名孕妇。研究参与者的平均年龄为27.2岁（±4.7岁）。510名研究参与者中只有2人（0.3%）HBsAg呈阳性。约三分之二的研究参与者，即324人（63.5%）听说过乙肝。当被问及信息来源时，24%的参与者提到了广播和电视。另外11%的人表示他们从医生那里获得信息。只有12.4%的参与者接种了乙肝疫苗，85.9%没有接种，1.8%不清楚自己的接种状况。
结论
结果显示孕妇中的乙肝感染比例低于全国水平。受益人群的知识水平并不理想。必须加强通过大众媒体开展的有组织的健康教育，以提高普通人群对乙肝疫苗接种的认识。
Zotero 插件