Rincón-Pérez Irene, Sánchez-Carmona Alberto J, Levy David, López-Martín Sara, Hinojosa José A, Albert Jacobo
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2025 May 6;16:1577486. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1577486. eCollection 2025.
This PRISMA-compliant systematic review aimed to clarify the influence of emotional stimuli on the behavioral correlates of response inhibition, given the mixed and inconclusive findings in the existing literature. We searched Scopus, PsycINFO and PubMed databases up to March 2024 for studies published in peer-reviewed journals, conducted in adult non-clinical populations. Eligible studies used tasks where response inhibition plays a central role (primarily the Go/No-Go task [GNG] and stop-signal task [SST]) and included emotional stimuli presented concurrently with the task. Additionally, studies had to report, control for, analyze, or at least discuss both valence (positive-negative) and arousal (calming-arousing), two emotional dimensions that have been widely used to define emotions. Ninety-three studies, encompassing over 3,400 participants, were finally included, and assessed using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS). Most studies report emotional modulation of response inhibition, with a larger proportion linking this influence to valence rather than arousal. However, inconsistent findings and methodological limitations prevent firm conclusions, with some suggesting the involvement of both or neither dimension, while others lack the appropriate design. Among studies reporting effects of emotional valence, most indicate that higher valence stimuli (more positive) impaired response inhibition. The effects of arousal remain unclear, with some studies linking high arousal to poorer inhibition, while others suggest the opposite. Interestingly, discrete emotions also modulate response inhibition independently of valence and arousal, suggesting that discrete emotion theories may complement the two-dimensional circumplex model in response inhibition research. While few differences exist, more studies report effects when emotional stimuli are task-relevant rather than task-irrelevant. Among other factors, using an SST instead of a GNG task seems to enhance emotional modulation of response inhibition. Overall, the influence of emotional stimuli on the behavioral correlates of response inhibition is likely shaped by a complex interplay of multiple factors, suggesting that future research should explore how these factors interact and combine. Moreover, further research is needed to explore how emotion interacts with other forms of inhibitory control beyond global reactive inhibition, including proactive and selective mechanisms.
鉴于现有文献中的研究结果参差不齐且尚无定论，本项遵循PRISMA标准的系统评价旨在阐明情绪刺激对反应抑制行为相关性的影响。我们检索了截至2024年3月的Scopus、PsycINFO和PubMed数据库，查找发表在同行评审期刊上、针对成年非临床人群开展的研究。符合条件的研究采用了反应抑制起核心作用的任务（主要是Go/No-Go任务[GNG]和停止信号任务[SST]），并包括与任务同时呈现的情绪刺激。此外，研究必须报告、控制、分析或至少讨论效价（正性-负性）和唤醒（平静-唤起）这两个广泛用于定义情绪的情绪维度。最终纳入了93项研究，涵盖3400多名参与者，并使用横断面研究评估工具（AXIS）进行评估。大多数研究报告了反应抑制的情绪调节作用，其中较大比例将这种影响与效价而非唤醒联系起来。然而，研究结果不一致和方法学上的局限性阻碍了得出确凿结论，一些研究表明两个维度都有涉及或都未涉及，而另一些研究则缺乏适当的设计。在报告情绪效价影响的研究中，大多数表明较高效价刺激（更积极）会损害反应抑制。唤醒的影响仍不明确，一些研究将高唤醒与较差的抑制联系起来，而另一些研究则表明相反的情况。有趣的是，离散情绪也独立于效价和唤醒调节反应抑制，这表明离散情绪理论可能在反应抑制研究中补充二维环形模型。虽然差异不大，但更多研究报告了情绪刺激与任务相关而非与任务无关时的影响。在其他因素中，使用SST而非GNG任务似乎会增强反应抑制的情绪调节作用。总体而言，情绪刺激对反应抑制行为相关性的影响可能受到多种因素复杂相互作用的影响，这表明未来的研究应探索这些因素如何相互作用和结合。此外，还需要进一步研究来探索情绪如何与除全局反应抑制之外的其他形式的抑制控制相互作用，包括主动和选择性机制。
