Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, 6 Ifjusag Str., Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
Psychol Res. 2024 Feb;88(1):1-24. doi: 10.1007/s00426-023-01852-6. Epub 2023 Jul 7.
Although the arousal elicited by emotional stimuli, similarly to valence, is an integrative part of emotion theories, previous studies and reviews mostly focused on the valence of a stimulus and rarely investigated the role of arousal. Here, I systematically searched for articles that used visual attentional paradigms, manipulated emotional arousal by auditory or visual, task-relevant or task-irrelevant stimuli, measured behavioral responses, ocular behavior, or neural correlates. I found that task-relevant arousing stimuli draw and hold attention regardless of the modality. In contrast, task-irrelevant arousing stimuli impaired task performance. However, when the emotional content precedes the task or it is presented for a longer duration, arousal increased performance. Future directions on how research could address the remaining questions are discussed.
尽管情绪刺激引起的唤醒与效价一样，是情绪理论的一个综合组成部分，但之前的研究和综述大多集中在刺激的效价上，很少研究唤醒的作用。在这里，我系统地搜索了使用视觉注意范式的文章，通过听觉或视觉、与任务相关或与任务不相关的刺激来操纵情绪唤醒，测量行为反应、眼动或神经相关物。我发现，与任务相关的令人兴奋的刺激会吸引并保持注意力，而与模态无关。相比之下，与任务不相关的令人兴奋的刺激会干扰任务表现。然而，当情绪内容先于任务出现或呈现时间更长时，唤醒会提高表现。讨论了关于如何解决剩余问题的研究方向。
