Habeck J O, Huckstorf C, Honig A
Exp Pathol. 1985;27(2):79-89. doi: 10.1016/s0232-1513(85)80044-x.
The carotid bodies of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Okamoto-Aoki-strain and of age-matched normotensive Wistar rats (NWR) were studied with respect to their size and the histological appearance of their arterial vessels. The animals were aged 3-6 d, and 5-6, 15-20, 30-40 and 50-70 weeks. The development of hypertension in the SHR started at an age of 5-6 weeks and was fully established at 15-20 weeks (mean systemic arterial blood pressure at about 160 mm Hg). When compared with the age-matched normotensive control rats (NWR) the SHR in the established phase of hypertension showed enlarged carotid bodies, an increase of the thickness of the media of the carotid body artery and circumscript pad-like thickening of the vascular wall within the carotid bodies. Repeatedly in particular in the old SHR, also a hyalinosis of the small branches of the glomic artery was found. These pathological changes regularly narrowed the lumen of the vessels seized; sometimes to a considerable extent. Such vascular alterations were never found in the newborn (3-6 d old) SHR and were also not demonstrable in the NWR. Thus these vascular alterations in the carotid body vessels of the adult SHR are supposed to be the result of the high systemic arterial blood pressure. The data indicate that long-lasting high systemic arterial blood pressure leads to changes of the wall of the arterial vessels of the carotid and presumably also the aortic bodies thus inducing an ischemic hypoxia of the specific chemoreceptive tissue and a chronic stimulation of the arterial chemoreceptors.
对冈本-青木品系的自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）以及年龄匹配的正常血压Wistar大鼠（NWR）的颈动脉体进行了研究，观察其大小以及动脉血管的组织学外观。动物年龄分别为3 - 6天、5 - 6周、15 - 20周、30 - 40周和50 - 70周。SHR的高血压在5 - 6周龄开始出现，并在15 - 20周龄时完全形成（平均体循环动脉血压约为160 mmHg）。与年龄匹配的正常血压对照大鼠（NWR）相比，处于高血压确立阶段的SHR显示颈动脉体增大，颈动脉体动脉中膜厚度增加，且颈动脉体内血管壁出现局限性垫状增厚。特别是在老年SHR中反复发现球旁动脉小分支的玻璃样变性。这些病理变化经常使受累血管的管腔变窄；有时变窄程度相当大。在新生（3 - 6天大）的SHR中从未发现这种血管改变，在NWR中也未得到证实。因此，成年SHR颈动脉体血管的这些血管改变被认为是高体循环动脉血压的结果。数据表明，长期的高体循环动脉血压会导致颈动脉以及可能还有主动脉体的动脉血管壁发生变化，从而引起特定化学感受组织的缺血性缺氧以及对动脉化学感受器的慢性刺激。
