Khalil Dalia, Wade Tamia, Misra Dawn, Giurgescu Carmen, Jenuwine Elizabeth
Wayne State University, Detroit, United States.
Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2025 Aug;27(4):631-635. doi: 10.1007/s10903-025-01699-6. Epub 2025 May 21.
Considering the stressors immigrant parents experience, little is known about the effects of these stressors on immigrant parent-child triadic relationships, particularly bonding experiences of both parents with their child among immigrants and refugees. This study aimed to examine the relationships among acculturative stress, posttraumatic stress, and depressive symptoms in immigrant and refugee Arab American fathers and mothers and the relationship of these factors to bonding with their child. Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited 32 married mother-father dyads who were 18 years of age or older, had a healthy child between the ages of 6 and 24 months, self-identified as of Arab descent, immigrated to the U.S after the age of 14, and spoke and read either Arabic or English. All study scales demonstrated acceptable Cronbach's α values. Three fathers and three mothers (9%) scored above the diagnostic cutoff for post-traumatic stress, 15 mothers (47%) and 8 fathers (25%) reported clinically depressive symptoms. Maternal bonding impairment was significantly correlated with maternal post-traumatic stress (ρ(32) = 0.48, p =.003) and paternal depressive symptoms (ρ(32) = 0.42, p =.008). Similarly, paternal acculturative stress and paternal depressive symptoms were correlated with paternal bonding impairment (ρ(32) = 0.35, p =.02 and (ρ(32) = 0.32, p =.03). Additionally, bonding impairments in mothers and fathers were significantly intercorrelated (ρ(32) = 0.35, p =.02). In immigrant families, the disruption caused by acculturative stress and mental health issues can be particularly distressing. Addressing these challenges requires a culturally sensitive and holistic approach.
考虑到移民父母所经历的压力源，对于这些压力源对移民亲子三元关系的影响，尤其是移民和难民中父母与孩子之间的亲密关系体验，我们知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨阿拉伯裔美国移民和难民父母的文化适应压力、创伤后应激和抑郁症状之间的关系，以及这些因素与他们和孩子之间亲密关系的联系。采用横断面设计，我们招募了32对已婚父母，他们年龄在18岁及以上，有一个6至24个月大的健康孩子，自我认定为阿拉伯裔，14岁以后移民到美国，并且会说和读阿拉伯语或英语。所有研究量表的克朗巴哈α值均可接受。三位父亲和三位母亲（9%）的创伤后应激得分高于诊断临界值，15位母亲（47%）和8位父亲（25%）报告有临床抑郁症状。母亲的亲密关系受损与母亲的创伤后应激显著相关（ρ(32) = 0.48，p = .003）以及父亲的抑郁症状（ρ(32) = 0.42，p = .008）。同样，父亲的文化适应压力和父亲的抑郁症状与父亲的亲密关系受损相关（ρ(32) = 0.35，p = .02和(ρ(32) = 0.32，p = .03）。此外，母亲和父亲的亲密关系受损显著相互关联（ρ(32) = 0.35，p = .02）。在移民家庭中，文化适应压力和心理健康问题造成的破坏可能会特别令人痛苦。应对这些挑战需要一种具有文化敏感性的整体方法。
