Rakoczy Magdalena, Podkowinski Jan, Figlerowicz MaRek
Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry PAS, Poznan, Poland.
BioTechnologia (Pozn). 2025 Mar 31;106(1):31-48. doi: 10.5114/bta/201460. eCollection 2025.
Sucrose phosphate phosphatase () and uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase () genes were overexpressed in to enhance the efficiency of the photosynthesis-related sucrose synthesis pathway, the primary route for incorporating newly fixed carbon into plant metabolism.
To target transgene expression specifically to the leaves, the Rubisco small subunit promoter was used.
Transgenic plants overexpressing and exhibited high transgene expression in the leaves, exceeding those of the corresponding genes by more than tenfold. These plants grew faster and entered the generative phase earlier than control plants, without showing any other developmental abnormalities. By the end of the generative phase, transgenic plants had greater dry mass and contained a higher proportion of carbohydrates than the control group. In result, they accumulated 14.9-17.5% more energy in the aboveground parts compared to reference plants.
The high leaf specificity of the Rubisco small subunit promoter was confirmed, indicating that transgene activity in leaves was effectively separated from its effects on metabolism in non-photosynthetic tissues. Overexpression of and under this promoter accelerated plant growth and development, ultimately increasing biomass. These characteristics are particularly advantageous for energy crops grown as after-crops or in regions with short growing seasons.
磷酸蔗糖磷酸酶（）和尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（）基因在中过表达，以提高光合作用相关蔗糖合成途径的效率，这是将新固定的碳纳入植物代谢的主要途径。
为了使转基因表达特异性靶向叶片，使用了 Rubisco 小亚基启动子。
过表达和的转基因植物在叶片中表现出高转基因表达，比相应的基因高出十多倍。这些植物生长更快，比对照植物更早进入生殖阶段，且未表现出任何其他发育异常。到生殖阶段结束时，转基因植物的干质量更大，碳水化合物比例高于对照组。结果，与对照植物相比，它们地上部分积累的能量多 14.9 - 17.5%。
证实了 Rubisco 小亚基启动子具有高叶片特异性，表明叶片中的转基因活性与其对非光合组织代谢的影响有效分离。在此启动子下过表达和加速了植物的生长发育，最终增加了生物量。这些特性对于作为后作种植或在生长季节短的地区种植的能源作物尤为有利。
