Badran Alaa Aboelnour, Elgayar Fatma A, Gouda Mona K, Halfawy Nancy M El
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
BMC Microbiol. 2025 May 22;25(1):316. doi: 10.1186/s12866-025-04030-3.
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria pose a significant challenge due to their limited treatment options. The production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is an important mechanism of resistance. This study aimed to identify the incidence and characteristics of ESBL-encoding genes (bla, bla, bla, and bla) in MDR isolates.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to May 2023. ESBL-producing isolates (n = 105) out of 412 were recovered from hospitalized and outpatient settings and analyzed. Standard microbiological methods were used for isolates identification, susceptibility testing, and phenotypic ESBL detection. Additionally, bla, bla, bla, and bla genes were identified using conventional PCR.
Molecular profiling of β-lactamase determinants was conducted via PCR targeting bla, bla, bla, and bla genes. Among phenotypically confirmed (100%) ESBL producers, 98% harbored one or more target genes, with bla predominant (81%), followed by bla (70.4%), bla (62%), and bla (30.4%). Carbapenem resistance was higher in ESBL-producing strains compared to non-ESBL strains. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates were the most common across hospital departments and outpatients.
This study highlights the significant prevalence of ESBL genes and multidrug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria. The dominance of bla and the existence of multiple resistance genes raise concerns about limited treatment options. The findings emphasize the need for stricter antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures to curb the spread of MDR pathogens.
This study provides valuable insights into the alarming incidence of ESBL genes and MDR in Mansoura, Egypt. Continuous surveillance and implementation of effective control strategies are crucial to combat this growing public health threat.
多重耐药（MDR）革兰氏阴性菌由于其治疗选择有限而构成重大挑战。超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）的产生是一种重要的耐药机制。本研究旨在确定多重耐药分离株中ESBL编码基因（bla、bla、bla和bla）的发生率及特征。
于2022年9月至2023年5月进行了一项横断面研究。从住院和门诊环境中分离出412株菌中的产ESBLs分离株（n = 105）并进行分析。采用标准微生物学方法进行分离株鉴定、药敏试验和ESBL表型检测。此外，使用常规PCR鉴定bla、bla、bla和bla基因。
通过针对bla、bla、bla和bla基因的PCR对β-内酰胺酶决定簇进行分子分析。在表型确认（100%）的产ESBLs菌株中，98%携带一个或多个目标基因，其中bla占主导（81%），其次是bla（70.4%）、bla（62%）和bla（30.4%）。与非产ESBLs菌株相比，产ESBLs菌株对碳青霉烯类的耐药性更高。广泛耐药（XDR）分离株在医院各科室和门诊患者中最为常见。
本研究突出了革兰氏阴性菌中ESBL基因和多重耐药的显著流行情况。bla的主导地位以及多种耐药基因的存在引发了对治疗选择有限的担忧。研究结果强调需要更严格的抗生素管理和感染控制措施来遏制多重耐药病原体的传播。
本研究为埃及曼苏拉ESBL基因和多重耐药的惊人发生率提供了有价值的见解。持续监测和实施有效的控制策略对于应对这一日益严重的公共卫生威胁至关重要。
