Bao Haili, Wang Haibin
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
Matern Fetal Med. 2024 Jan 15;6(1):37-49. doi: 10.1097/FM9.0000000000000210. eCollection 2024 Jan.
This review aimed to summarize the major progress in maternal-fetal medicine achieved by Chinese scientists in recent years. PubMed was systematically searched from January 2020 to November 2023. Publications that reported the progress in embryo implantation, placentation, and parturition made by Chinese scientists in the last 3 years were selected. The milestone events during gestation, embryo implantation, endometrial decidualization, placentation, and parturition are pivotal to a successful pregnancy. Embryo implantation requires intricate interactions between implantation-competent blastocysts and receptive endometrium. To adapt to pregnancy, endometrial stromal cells transform into specialized decidual cells, which occur spontaneously under the influence of ovarian hormones in humans but require the presence of embryos in mice. With embryonic development, the placenta forms to support fetal growth until parturition. The maternal-fetal interface is composed of diverse cell types, including endometrial decidual cells, placental trophoblast cells, endothelial cells, and various immune cells, a sophisticated interplay among which contributes to the maintenance of pregnancy. Near term, the uterus transitions from quiescence to contractility, in preparation for delivery. Disruptions to these events lead to pregnancy-related disorders such as repeated implantation failure, recurrent pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and infertility. In recent years, Chinese scientists have made prominent achievements in basic research on the aforementioned pregnancy events. Chinese scientists have made remarkable contributions to reproductive biology and maternal-fetal medicine research in recent years, highlighting future research directions in this field.
本综述旨在总结近年来中国科学家在母胎医学领域取得的主要进展。对2020年1月至2023年11月期间的PubMed进行了系统检索。选取了报道中国科学家在过去3年中胚胎植入、胎盘形成和分娩方面进展的出版物。妊娠、胚胎植入、子宫内膜蜕膜化、胎盘形成和分娩过程中的里程碑事件对成功妊娠至关重要。胚胎植入需要具备植入能力的囊胚与接受性子宫内膜之间进行复杂的相互作用。为适应妊娠，子宫内膜基质细胞会转变为特殊的蜕膜细胞，在人类中，这一过程在卵巢激素的影响下自发发生，但在小鼠中则需要胚胎的存在。随着胚胎发育，胎盘形成以支持胎儿生长直至分娩。母胎界面由多种细胞类型组成，包括子宫内膜蜕膜细胞、胎盘滋养层细胞、内皮细胞和各种免疫细胞，它们之间复杂的相互作用有助于维持妊娠。临近足月时，子宫从静止状态转变为收缩状态，为分娩做准备。这些事件的紊乱会导致与妊娠相关的疾病，如反复植入失败、复发性流产、子痫前期、胎儿生长受限、早产和不孕。近年来，中国科学家在上述妊娠事件的基础研究方面取得了显著成就。中国科学家近年来在生殖生物学和母胎医学研究方面做出了卓越贡献，突出了该领域未来的研究方向。
