Pļaviņa Liāna, Edelmers Edgars
Department of Morphology, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1010 Riga, Latvia.
National Arm Forces, National Defence Academy of Latvia, LV-1014 Riga, Latvia.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2025 May 10;10(2):166. doi: 10.3390/jfmk10020166.
To evaluate how a 10-day multi-stressor field-training course-combining high physical and psycho-emotional demands, caloric restriction, and severe sleep deprivation-affects systemic oxidative/antioxidative status and biomarkers of nucleic-acid and skeletal-muscle damage in trained military cadets. Seventy-five healthy cadets (8 women, 67 men; 22-34 y) completed the course. Standardised operational rations (700-800 kcal day¹) and two 20 min tactical naps per 24 h were enforced. Pre- and post-course venous blood was collected after an overnight fast. Plasma superoxide-dismutase activity (SOD), reduced and oxidised glutathione (GSH, GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) were quantified by colourimetric/fluorometric assays; 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and myoglobin were measured by ELISA. The oxidative-stress index (OSI) was calculated as GSSG·GSH¹. Within-subject differences were assessed with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests; associations between biomarker changes were explored by Spearman correlation. After training, GSH (+175%, < 0.001) and GSSG (+32%, < 0.001) rose significantly, whereas SOD (-19%, = 0.002), H₂O₂ (-20%, = 0.015), MDA (-50%, < 0.001), 8-OHdG (-23%, < 0.001), and OSI (-47%, < 0.001) declined. Myoglobin remained unchanged ( = 0.603). Reductions in MDA correlated inversely with increases in GSSG (rₛ = -0.25, = 0.041), while H₂O₂ changes correlated positively with GSSG (rₛ = 0.25, = 0.046), indicating a glutathione-driven adaptive response. Ten consecutive days of vigorous, calorie- and sleep-restricted field training elicited a favourable redox adaptation characterised by enhanced glutathione-mediated antioxidant capacity and lower circulating oxidant concentrations, without evidence of DNA or skeletal-muscle damage. The data suggest that, in physically prepared individuals, prolonged multi-stressor exposure can strengthen endogenous antioxidant defences rather than precipitate oxidative injury.
为了评估一项为期10天的多应激源野外训练课程（该课程结合了高强度的身体和心理情绪要求、热量限制以及严重的睡眠剥夺）如何影响受过训练的军校学员的全身氧化/抗氧化状态以及核酸和骨骼肌损伤的生物标志物。75名健康学员（8名女性，67名男性；年龄22 - 34岁）完成了该课程。实施标准化作战口粮（每天700 - 800千卡）以及每24小时两次20分钟的战术小憩。过夜禁食后采集课程前后的静脉血。通过比色/荧光测定法定量血浆超氧化物歧化酶活性（SOD）、还原型和氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSH、GSSG）、丙二醛（MDA）和过氧化氢（H₂O₂）；通过酶联免疫吸附测定法测量8 - 羟基 - 2 - 脱氧鸟苷（8 - OHdG）和肌红蛋白。氧化应激指数（OSI）计算为GSSG·GSH⁻¹。采用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验评估受试者内差异；通过 Spearman 相关性探索生物标志物变化之间的关联。训练后，GSH（升高175%，P < 0.001）和GSSG（升高32%，P < 0.001）显著升高，而SOD（降低19%，P = 0.002）、H₂O₂（降低20%，P = 0.015）、MDA（降低50%，P < 0.001）、8 - OHdG（降低23%）和OSI（降低47%，P < 0.001）下降。肌红蛋白保持不变（P = 0.603）。MDA的降低与GSSG的升高呈负相关（rₛ = -0.25，P = 0.041），而H₂O₂的变化与GSSG呈正相关（rₛ = 0.25，P = 0.046），表明存在谷胱甘肽驱动的适应性反应。连续10天的高强度、热量和睡眠受限的野外训练引发了一种有利的氧化还原适应，其特征是谷胱甘肽介导的抗氧化能力增强和循环氧化剂浓度降低，且没有DNA或骨骼肌损伤的证据。数据表明，在身体状况良好的个体中，长时间暴露于多应激源环境可增强内源性抗氧化防御，而不会引发氧化损伤。
