Grünberger Tanja, Höhn Christopher, Schabus Manuel, Pletzer Belinda Angela, Laireiter Anton-Rupert
Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Clocks Sleep. 2025 May 9;7(2):24. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep7020024.
Shift workers are at increased risk of insomnia. The standard treatment (cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia) poses significant challenges for this demographic due to irregular work and sleep schedules. New approaches are still considered insufficient due to high attrition or insufficient effectiveness. Our preliminary study identified sleep-relevant state and trait factors (see secondary outcomes) for incorporation into an innovative manual that addresses sleep in an implicit manner. The objective was to reduce the focus on insomnia and to replace regularity-based interventions. With a sample of 55 insomniacs (67.74% male, mean age 41.62 years), standard and customized treatments were compared using pre-treatment, post-treatment, and three-month follow-up measurements (RCT, self-assessment data). Our linear mixed models revealed the main significant effects of the measurement point for the primary (insomnia severity, sleep quality, sleep onset latency, total sleep time, daytime sleepiness) and the secondary outcomes (selection: anxiety/depression, dysfunctional beliefs, arousal, emotional stability, concern). No main effects of the condition or interaction effects were identified. Non-inferiority and equivalence tests demonstrated that the customized treatment is equivalent to standard therapy, which is a favorable outcome in light of the implicit approach. Consequently, this innovative approach warrants further exploration, incorporating the present results.
轮班工作者患失眠症的风险更高。由于工作和睡眠时间表不规律，标准治疗方法（失眠症的认知行为疗法）对这一人群构成了重大挑战。由于高脱落率或效果不佳，新方法仍被认为不够充分。我们的初步研究确定了与睡眠相关的状态和特质因素（见次要结果），以便纳入一本以隐性方式解决睡眠问题的创新手册中。目的是减少对失眠症的关注，并取代基于规律的干预措施。以55名失眠症患者为样本（67.74%为男性，平均年龄41.62岁），使用治疗前、治疗后和三个月随访测量（随机对照试验，自我评估数据）比较标准治疗和定制治疗。我们的线性混合模型揭示了测量点对主要结果（失眠严重程度、睡眠质量、入睡潜伏期、总睡眠时间、日间嗜睡）和次要结果（选择：焦虑/抑郁、功能失调信念、觉醒、情绪稳定性、担忧）的主要显著影响。未发现条件的主要影响或交互作用。非劣效性和等效性检验表明，定制治疗等同于标准治疗，鉴于隐性方法，这是一个有利的结果。因此，这种创新方法值得进一步探索，并结合目前的结果。
