Sivaramakrishnan G, Sridharan K
Bahrain Defence Force Royal Medical Services, Riffa, Bahrain.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2025 May 23. doi: 10.1007/s40368-025-01050-5.
The aetiology and treatment of molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) may be further investigated by understanding the proteomic changes associated with the defect. The present scoping review aimed to systematically examine existing literature on salivary and enamel proteomics related to MIH, characterising specific proteins associated with the defect and evaluating methodologies employed in current proteomic studies.
The review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A systematic search of PUBMED, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases was performed for clinical trials and observational studies published until February 2025. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on human samples examining proteomics related to MIH with a control group. Two reviewers independently screened articles for eligibility.
Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Key findings revealed significant alterations in protein composition in MIH-affected enamel and saliva, including proteins, such as chitinase 1, human serum albumin, collagen alpha 1 (I), collagen alpha 2 (I), alpha-1-antitrypsin, and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). In particular, MIH samples exhibited overexpression of proteins linked to inflammation and stress responses, including albumin, fibrinogen, and complement C3. Proteomic analyses highlighted the potential of salivary and enamel proteins as biomarkers for MIH, although variations in research methodologies presented challenges in establishing standardised biomarkers.
This review underscores the importance of proteomic analysis in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying MIH. Identifying specific proteins may enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for affected children. However, substantial research gaps remain, particularly in the exploration of various proteomic sources and the dynamic nature of salivary proteins.
通过了解与磨牙-切牙矿化不全（MIH）相关的蛋白质组变化，可进一步研究其病因和治疗方法。本综述旨在系统地审查现有关于与MIH相关的唾液和牙釉质蛋白质组学的文献，确定与该缺陷相关的特定蛋白质，并评估当前蛋白质组学研究中采用的方法。
本综述按照PRISMA-ScR指南进行。对PUBMED、SCOPUS、EMBASE、科学网和Cochrane数据库进行了系统检索，以查找截至2025年2月发表的临床试验和观察性研究。纳入标准包括对有对照组的、研究与MIH相关蛋白质组学的人类样本的研究。两名评审员独立筛选文章的合格性。
六项研究符合纳入标准。主要发现显示，受MIH影响的牙釉质和唾液中的蛋白质组成有显著改变，包括几丁质酶1、人血清白蛋白、胶原蛋白α1（I）、胶原蛋白α2（I）、α-1-抗胰蛋白酶和牙本质涎磷蛋白（DSPP）等蛋白质。特别是，MIH样本中与炎症和应激反应相关的蛋白质出现过表达，包括白蛋白、纤维蛋白原和补体C3。蛋白质组学分析突出了唾液和牙釉质蛋白作为MIH生物标志物的潜力，尽管研究方法的差异给建立标准化生物标志物带来了挑战。
本综述强调了蛋白质组学分析在理解MIH潜在分子机制方面的重要性。识别特定蛋白质可能会加强对受影响儿童的诊断和治疗策略。然而，仍存在大量研究空白，特别是在探索各种蛋白质组学来源以及唾液蛋白的动态性质方面。
