Ehnert Paula, Krücken Jürgen, Fiedler Stefan, Horn Fabian, Helm Christina S, Neubert Ann, Weiher Wiebke, Terhalle Werner, Steuber Stephan, Daher Ricarda, von Samson-Himmelstjerna Georg
Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany.
Veterinary Centre for Resistance Research, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 23;15(1):17973. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02838-7.
Anthelmintic resistance (AR) in cattle gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) is an increasing global concern, with low to moderate levels recently documented in Central Europe. This study reports on resistance against both macrocyclic lactones (MLs) and benzimidazoles (BZs) in northern Germany, highlighting that AR is spreading. The fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) remains the primary tool for AR assessment, yet differing methodologies and recent guideline updates complicate resistance interpretation across studies. Statistical methods, such as Bayesian approaches used by eggCounts and bayescount, yield varying confidence intervals, further influencing results. Notably, the nemabiome analysis identified Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora as predominant species in the region, though unexpected diversity among farms with additional GIN species occurring sometimes even at high frequency, suggests morphological analysis of coprocultures may underestimate species prevalence. Detecting AR against both drug classes on some farms underscores the urgency of implementing sustainable strategies, such as targeted selective treatment and combinations of anthelmintics with different mode of action, to prevent scenarios of multi-drug resistance observed elsewhere. Effective resistance management requires immediate discussions with veterinarians and stakeholders to steer toward informed, preventive measures in cattle farming.
牛胃肠道线虫（GIN）的抗蠕虫药耐药性（AR）是一个日益引起全球关注的问题，最近在中欧已记录到低至中等水平的耐药情况。本研究报告了德国北部对大环内酯类药物（MLs）和苯并咪唑类药物（BZs）的耐药情况，强调耐药性正在蔓延。粪便虫卵计数减少试验（FECRT）仍然是评估耐药性的主要工具，但不同的方法以及最近的指南更新使各研究之间的耐药性解读变得复杂。统计方法，如eggCounts和bayescount使用的贝叶斯方法，会产生不同的置信区间，进一步影响结果。值得注意的是，线虫群落分析确定奥斯特他线虫和牛古柏线虫是该地区的主要物种，尽管农场之间存在意外的多样性，有时甚至高频出现其他胃肠道线虫物种，这表明粪便培养物的形态学分析可能低估了物种的流行率。在一些农场检测到对这两类药物的耐药性，凸显了实施可持续策略的紧迫性，如针对性的选择性治疗以及将具有不同作用方式的驱虫药联合使用，以防止在其他地方观察到的多重耐药情况。有效的耐药性管理需要立即与兽医和利益相关者进行讨论，以推动在养牛业采取明智的预防措施。
