Yildirim Selman, Turan Bahadir, Bilginer Samiye Çilem, Hoşoglu Esra
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye.
Department of Psychology, Avrasya University, Trabzon, Türkiye.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2025 May 24. doi: 10.1007/s00127-025-02928-x.
Given the prevalence and diversity of eating issues among adolescents, understanding the epidemiological aspects of orthorexia nervosa (ON) in this demographic, along with identifying associated clinical factors, sociodemographic traits, eating habits and parental attitudes, holds paramount importance both clinically and scientifically. This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of ON among Turkish high school adolescents aged 14-18 and explore potential correlates of this clinical condition.
In the initial phase, 1784 adolescents completed the Data Form, Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI) and Parent Style Scale (PSS), while their parents filled out the the parental version of the revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). Subsequently, clinical interview and The Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children, Present and Lifetime Version (KD-SADS-PL) were conducted with 9 adolescents with high risk for ON to assess comorbidities.
The study revealed ON prevalence of 0.5%, with 0.3% in boys and 0.6% in girls. Rural residency, dietary supplement use, and pet ownership correlated with higher ONI scores (p = 0.022, p = 0.002, p = 0.042 respectively). OCD and panic disorder symptoms (B = 0.307, p < 0.001 and B = 0.165, p = 0.018 respectively), increased BMI, and anxiety scores were associated with elevated ONI scores. Authoritarian parenting was significantly related to ONI total scores (B = 1.69, p = 0.018).
This study significantly contributes to the literature by delineating the prevalence of ON in adolescents, identifying associated risk factors, elucidating psychopathological associations of orthorexic symptoms, and identifying the relationship between parenting styles and ON. Such insights into the factors influencing ON can aid in demystifying its nature.
鉴于青少年饮食问题的普遍性和多样性，了解该人群中正食癖（ON）的流行病学特征，以及识别相关的临床因素、社会人口学特征、饮食习惯和父母态度，在临床和科学方面都至关重要。本研究旨在确定土耳其14 - 18岁高中青少年中正食癖的患病率，并探讨这种临床状况的潜在相关因素。
在初始阶段，1784名青少年完成了数据表单、正食癖量表（ONI）和父母教养方式量表（PSS），而他们的父母填写了修订后的儿童焦虑抑郁量表（RCADS）的家长版。随后，对9名有正食癖高风险的青少年进行了临床访谈以及使用儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症量表（适用于学龄儿童，目前和终生版，KD - SADS - PL）来评估共病情况。
研究显示正食癖患病率为0.5%，其中男孩为0.3%，女孩为0.6%。农村居住、使用膳食补充剂和拥有宠物与较高的ONI得分相关（分别为p = 0.022，p = 0.002，p = 0.042）。强迫症和惊恐障碍症状（分别为B = 0.307，p < 0.001和B = 0.165，p = 0.018）、体重指数增加和焦虑得分与较高的ONI得分相关。专制型养育方式与ONI总分显著相关（B = 1.69，p = 0.018）。
本研究通过描述青少年中正食癖的患病率、识别相关危险因素、阐明正食癖症状的心理病理关联以及确定养育方式与正食癖之间的关系，为文献做出了重要贡献。对影响正食癖的因素的此类见解有助于揭开其本质。
