Contextualising Physical Activity Levels in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental disorder most prevalent among adolescent females, with rising cases in younger and more culturally diverse populations. Unhealthy activity patterns are common and have been linked to increased relapse rates; however, data on objectively measured physical activity levels (PALs) in this population is scarce. This study aimed to examine PALs and sedentary time (ST) in patients with AN.

METHODS

Following PRISMA guidelines, 16 studies met inclusion criteria (PICO strategy). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses by age and treatment phase were performed.

RESULTS

Patients' mean age ranged from 12.6 to 36.2 years. Pooled mean ST was high (617.49 min/day). Light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity (MPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were higher in adult studies, while vigorous physical activity (VPA) was higher in adolescents. Steps were reported only in adult samples.

CONCLUSION

This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis assessing objectively measured PALs in AN patients. Findings reveal different PALs patterns by age-group, and insufficient data by treatment stage. These results identified a critical research gap essential for future development of targeted interventions and informed strategies to support recovery.