Guo Zixuan, Wang Lianggang, Zhou Jiafang, Tong Yanmei, Zhang Jinwu, Guan Ming, Yu Meiling, Hu Tingjun, Wei Yingyi
College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China.
Microb Pathog. 2025 Sep;206:107735. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107735. Epub 2025 May 22.
The Sanhuanglianqiao mixture (SHLQ) was prepared from a certain proportion of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Forsythia suspensa, and Rheum palmatum L and obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. This study explored the effects of SHLQ on Penaeus vannamei and its protective role against Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) infection. The results indicated that the main active components of SHLQ, namely baicalin, phillyrin, and emodin, had concentrations of 7.34 mg/mL, 4.01 mg/mL, and 32.95 μg/mL, respectively. SHLQ significantly enhanced shrimp growth performance and digestive enzyme activities. Mechanistically, SHLQ augmented innate immunity by upregulating immune-related genes and boosting antioxidant defenses in hepatopancreas and hemolymph. Concurrently, SHLQ reshaped gut microbiota diversity, suppressing pathogenic Vibrionaceae while enriching beneficial taxa, thereby reinforcing metabolic and immune functions. Critically, SHLQ alleviated V. parahaemolyticus-induced intestinal/hepatopancreatic damage, increased hemolymph cell viability, and reduced apoptosis caused by the virulence factor rPirB. These synergistic effects-combining immunomodulation, microbiota regulation, and tissue protection-collectively improved shrimp survival rates. Our findings highlight SHLQ as a promising multi-target agent against V. parahaemolyticus infection in aquaculture.
三黄连翘合剂（SHLQ）由一定比例的黄芩、连翘和大黄按水提取醇沉法制备而成。本研究探讨了SHLQ对凡纳滨对虾的影响及其对副溶血性弧菌感染的保护作用。结果表明，SHLQ的主要活性成分黄芩苷、连翘苷和大黄素的浓度分别为7.34mg/mL、4.01mg/mL和32.95μg/mL。SHLQ显著提高了对虾的生长性能和消化酶活性。机制上，SHLQ通过上调免疫相关基因和增强肝胰腺和血淋巴中的抗氧化防御来增强先天免疫。同时，SHLQ重塑了肠道微生物群的多样性，抑制了致病性弧菌科，同时丰富了有益菌群，从而增强了代谢和免疫功能。至关重要的是，SHLQ减轻了副溶血性弧菌引起的肠道/肝胰腺损伤，提高了血淋巴细胞活力，并减少了由毒力因子rPirB引起的细胞凋亡。这些免疫调节、微生物群调节和组织保护相结合的协同作用共同提高了对虾的存活率。我们的研究结果突出了SHLQ作为一种有前景的多靶点药物，可用于水产养殖中对抗副溶血性弧菌感染。
