Lavalley Claire A, Mehta Marishka M, Taylor Samuel, Chuning Anne E, Stewart Jennifer L, Huys Quentin J M, Khalsa Sahib S, Paulus Martin P, Smith Ryan
Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Transl Psychiatry. 2025 May 24;15(1):181. doi: 10.1038/s41398-025-03390-8.
Current theories suggest individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (iMUDs) have difficulty considering long-term outcomes in decision-making, which could contribute to risk of relapse. Aversive interoceptive states (e.g., stress, withdrawal) are also known to increase this risk. The present study analyzed computational mechanisms of planning in iMUDs, and examined the potential impact of an aversive interoceptive state induction. A group of 40 iMUDs and 49 healthy participants completed two runs of a multi-step planning task, with and without an anxiogenic breathing resistance manipulation. Computational modeling revealed that iMUDs had selective difficulty identifying the best overall plan when this required enduring negative short-term outcomes - a mechanism referred to as aversive pruning. Increases in reported craving before and after the induction also predicted greater aversive pruning in iMUDs. These results highlight aversive pruning deficits as a novel mechanism that could promote poor choice in recovering iMUDs and create vulnerability to relapse.
当前理论表明，患有甲基苯丙胺使用障碍（iMUDs）的个体在决策时难以考虑长期结果，这可能会增加复发风险。厌恶的内感受状态（如压力、戒断）也会增加这种风险。本研究分析了iMUDs中规划的计算机制，并考察了厌恶内感受状态诱导的潜在影响。一组40名iMUDs患者和49名健康参与者完成了两轮多步骤规划任务，一轮有引发焦虑的呼吸阻力操作，另一轮没有。计算模型显示，当需要忍受负面短期结果时，iMUDs在识别最佳总体计划方面存在选择性困难——这一机制被称为厌恶修剪。诱导前后报告的渴望增加也预示着iMUDs中更大程度的厌恶修剪。这些结果突出了厌恶修剪缺陷是一种新机制，它可能导致康复中的iMUDs做出糟糕的选择，并产生复发的易感性。
