镉作业工人的癌症死亡率。
Cancer mortality of cadmium workers.
作者信息
Elinder C G, Kjellström T, Hogstedt C, Andersson K, Spång G
出版信息
Br J Ind Med. 1985 Oct;42(10):651-5. doi: 10.1136/oem.42.10.651.
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies of workers exposed to cadmium indicate an increased risk of lung and prostatic cancer. The increase is statistically significant in some of the studies but the SMR is greater than 100 in almost all. A cohort study of the mortality among 522 Swedish workers exposed to cadmium for at least one year in a nickel-cadmium battery plant support the earlier findings. The SMR for lung and prostatic cancer increased with increasing dose and latency but did not obtain statistical significance. A combination of all the available data from the most recent follow up of causes of death among cadmium workers in six different cohorts shows 28 cases of prostatic cancer (SMR = 162) and 195 cases of lung cancer (SMR = 121). This new analysis suggests that long term, high level exposure to cadmium is associated with an increased risk of cancer. The role of concomitant exposure to nickel needs further study.
摘要
多项针对接触镉的工人的流行病学研究表明，患肺癌和前列腺癌的风险增加。在一些研究中，这种增加具有统计学意义，但几乎在所有研究中标准化死亡比（SMR）都大于100。一项对522名在镍镉电池厂接触镉至少一年的瑞典工人的死亡率进行的队列研究支持了早期的研究结果。肺癌和前列腺癌的标准化死亡比随着剂量和潜伏期的增加而升高，但未达到统计学意义。对六个不同队列中镉作业工人最新死因随访的所有可用数据进行综合分析，结果显示有28例前列腺癌（标准化死亡比=162）和195例肺癌（标准化死亡比=121）。这项新的分析表明，长期、高水平接触镉与患癌风险增加有关。同时接触镍的作用需要进一步研究。
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