Álvarez-Bustos Alejandro, Coelho-Junior Helio José, Carnicero Jose Antonio, García-García Francisco José, Marzetti Emanuele, Rodriguez-Mañas Leocadio
Biomedical Research Center Network for Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biomédica La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2025 May 26;37(1):164. doi: 10.1007/s40520-025-03064-x.
Adoption of healthy lifestyle habits has been proposed as successful strategies to counteract sarcopenia.
To explore the association of physical activity (PA) and adherence to the mediterranean diet (MD), individually and synergically, with sarcopenia.
The present cross-sectional study examined data of the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing. Data of community-dwelling adults aged 65 + years were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, standardized to our population (sFNIH) and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia (EWGSOP2). PA levels (Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, PASE) and adherence to the MD (MEDiterranean Diet Adherence Screener-MEDAS) were estimated using self-reported instruments. Binary regression models were conducted to test associations.
Data of 1457 individuals (mean age 74.68 ± 5.77 years; 54.91% women) were analyzed. Among them, 331 (22.72%, sFNIH) and 202 (13.86%, EWGSOP2) met sarcopenia criteria. PA levels (ORs: 0.91-0.95, p < 0.05) and adherence to the MD (ORs: 0.82-0.86, p < 0.05) were significantly and negatively associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia, regardless of the definition used. Nevertheless, no significant interactions were observed among healthy lifestyle habits. According to sarcopenia-related domains, PA levels and adherence to the MD were negatively associated with dynapenia, meanwhile, PA levels were associated with low lean mass (sFNIH) and adherence to the MD was inversely associated with poor mobility.
PA and adherence to the MD are independently associated with sarcopenia. Moreover, specific associations were observed between sarcopenia domains. Nevertheless, no significant interaction was observed between them.
采用健康的生活方式习惯已被提议作为对抗肌肉减少症的成功策略。
探讨身体活动（PA）和对地中海饮食（MD）的依从性分别以及协同与肌肉减少症之间的关联。
本横断面研究分析了托莱多健康老龄化研究的数据。对65岁及以上社区居住成年人的数据进行了分析。根据美国国立卫生研究院基金会标准（sFNIH）并标准化到我们的人群，以及欧洲肌肉减少症工作组（EWGSOP2）的标准来定义肌肉减少症。使用自我报告工具评估PA水平（老年人身体活动量表，PASE）和对MD的依从性（地中海饮食依从性筛查工具 - MEDAS）。进行二元回归模型以测试关联。
分析了1457名个体的数据（平均年龄74.68±5.77岁；54.91%为女性）。其中，331人（22.72%，sFNIH标准）和202人（13.86%，EWGSOP2标准）符合肌肉减少症标准。无论使用何种定义，PA水平（比值比：0.91 - 0.95，p < 0.05）和对MD的依从性（比值比：0.82 - 0.86，p < 0.05）均与肌肉减少症的患病率显著负相关。然而，未观察到健康生活方式习惯之间的显著相互作用。根据与肌肉减少症相关的领域，PA水平和对MD的依从性与肌肉力量减弱呈负相关，同时，PA水平与低瘦体重（sFNIH标准）相关，而对MD的依从性与行动能力差呈负相关。
PA和对MD的依从性分别与肌肉减少症独立相关。此外，在肌肉减少症各领域之间观察到了特定关联。然而，它们之间未观察到显著的相互作用。
