Mola John M, Williams Neal M
Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Ann Entomol Soc Am. 2025 Mar 27;118(3):175-188. doi: 10.1093/aesa/saaf010. eCollection 2025 May.
Movement is a dynamic process that changes with ontogeny, physiological state, and ecological context. The results of organismal movement impact multiple dimensions of fitness, population dynamics, and functional interactions. As such, the study of movement is critical for understanding and conserving species. Bumble bees (Apidae: spp.) offer a powerful system to study multiple complexities of movement within a functionally important clade. Their life history includes distinct social and solitary phases, substantial intraspecific variation in body size, and multiple modes of movement behavior. These traits allow investigations of diverse concepts at multiple scales and during contrasting behavioral and motivational states-from individuals, to colonies, to populations, and among species. Despite extensive study as model organisms of fine-scale movements and optimal foraging theory, understanding of landscape-scale movements is more limited. This knowledge gap is especially troubling given global pollinator declines because such dispersive movements fundamentally affect how populations respond to landscape transformation, climate change, and restoration efforts. To build toward a refined understanding of the bumble bee movement, inform research, and assist conservation programs, we review foraging and dispersal movement across life stages and castes. Using an ontogenetic approach, we compare the movement motivation and capacity of individuals throughout colony development. Despite the growth in recent literature, much remains to be learned about the bumble bee movement, especially dispersive life stages. Focused effort on how movement varies with individual state such as nutrition and age, and comparative studies of species would all fill knowledge gaps with high potential to improve bee conservation and research.
运动是一个动态过程，会随着个体发育、生理状态和生态环境而变化。生物体运动的结果会影响适合度、种群动态和功能相互作用的多个维度。因此，运动研究对于理解和保护物种至关重要。大黄蜂（蜜蜂科： spp.）提供了一个强大的系统，用于研究一个功能重要的类群内运动的多种复杂性。它们的生活史包括不同的群居和独居阶段、体型上显著的种内变异以及多种运动行为模式。这些特征使得能够在多个尺度上以及在不同的行为和动机状态下——从个体到群体、到种群以及物种之间——研究各种概念。尽管大黄蜂作为精细尺度运动和最优觅食理论的模式生物已经得到了广泛研究，但对景观尺度运动的了解仍然较为有限。鉴于全球传粉者数量的下降，这一知识空白尤其令人担忧，因为这种扩散运动从根本上影响着种群对景观变化、气候变化和恢复工作的反应。为了更深入地理解大黄蜂的运动、为研究提供信息并协助保护计划，我们回顾了大黄蜂在不同生命阶段和蜂型的觅食与扩散运动。我们采用个体发育方法，比较了整个蜂群发育过程中个体的运动动机和能力。尽管近期文献有所增加，但关于大黄蜂运动，尤其是扩散生命阶段，仍有许多有待了解之处。聚焦于运动如何随营养和年龄等个体状态变化的研究，以及物种间的比较研究，都将填补知识空白，极有可能改善蜜蜂保护和研究工作。
