Javorka K, Tomori Z, Zavarska L
Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1985 Jul-Aug;21(4):345-9.
In 16 newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) not artificially ventilated, oesophageal pressure was recorded with an electromanometer and the reactions to mechanical stimulation of the upper airways by means of a nylon fibre were investigated. The results were compared with the values obtained in 16 newborns without cardiorespiratory disturbances. The reactions were evoked by mechanical stimulation of the airways. Mechanical stimulation of the nasal mucosa produced expulsive reactions only in 45% of cases in newborns with RDS as compared with 95% in healthy newborns (p less than 0.001). Stimulation of the oropharyngeal and laryngeal regions elicited expulsive reactions in 48% of cases in newborns with RDS, but 74% in healthy newborns (p less than 0.001). In other cases, inhibition of breathing or apnoea was the most common reaction. The expulsive component of responses such as sneezing, expiratory reaction and crying was weaker in newborns with RDS than in control infants. The inspiratory component of sneezing and coughing, on the contrary, was stronger in newborns with RDS. These results indicate that active elimination of irritants from the airways is reduced in newborns with RDS.
对16例未进行人工通气的呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）新生儿，使用电子压力计记录食管压力，并通过尼龙纤维研究其上呼吸道对机械刺激的反应。将结果与16例无心肺功能障碍的新生儿所获数值进行比较。反应由气道的机械刺激诱发。与健康新生儿的95%相比，机械刺激鼻黏膜仅在45%的RDS新生儿中产生排异反应（p<0.001）。刺激口咽和喉部区域时，RDS新生儿中有48%出现排异反应，而健康新生儿中这一比例为74%（p<0.001）。在其他情况下，呼吸抑制或呼吸暂停是最常见的反应。RDS新生儿打喷嚏、呼气反应和哭闹等反应中的排异成分比对照婴儿弱。相反，RDS新生儿打喷嚏和咳嗽的吸气成分更强。这些结果表明，RDS新生儿从气道主动清除刺激物的能力降低。
