Javorka K, Tomori Z, Zavarská L
Physiol Bohemoslov. 1980;29(1):29-35.
The incidence of respiratory reactions to stimulation of the nasal and propharyngeal mucose was studied in 44 newborn premature infants. The inhalation of menthol fumes or the administration of drops of Mukoseptonex to the nasal mucosa caused transient respiratory arrest or a drop in the respiration rate. The heart rate rose during chemical stimulation of the nasal mucosa, possibly in association with a general arousal reaction. Mechanical stimulation of the nasal mucosal with a nylon fibre elicited an expulsive reaction in 95% of the cases. As distinct from experimental animals, sneezing was not preceded by a deep initial inspiration. Stimulation of the oropharyngeal region produced transient apnoea in 24.5% of the cases, in 18% expiratory reactions reminiscent of the expiration reflex, in 33% independent, intensive inspiratory reactions and in 24.5% cough. Cough from both the oropharyngeal and the laryngeal region had a pronounced inspiratory component. Independent inspiratory reactions may to some extent be co-responsible for the high incidence of aspirations in the neonatal period.
对44例早产新生儿进行了鼻和咽前粘膜刺激引起的呼吸反应发生率的研究。吸入薄荷脑烟雾或向鼻粘膜滴入Mukoseptonex滴剂会导致短暂的呼吸停止或呼吸频率下降。鼻粘膜受到化学刺激时心率会上升，这可能与全身性觉醒反应有关。用尼龙纤维对鼻粘膜进行机械刺激，95%的病例会引发排出反应。与实验动物不同，打喷嚏之前没有深度的初始吸气。刺激口咽区域，24.5%的病例会出现短暂呼吸暂停，18%会出现类似呼气反射的呼气反应，33%会出现独立的强烈吸气反应，24.5%会出现咳嗽。来自口咽和喉部区域的咳嗽都有明显的吸气成分。独立的吸气反应在一定程度上可能是新生儿期误吸发生率高的共同原因。
