中国老年人的休闲活动、自我报告的健康状况、焦虑和抑郁：一项结构方程模型分析
Leisure activities, self-reported health, anxiety, and depression in Chinese older adults: a structural equation model analysis.
作者信息
Song Keying, Chang Yawen, Zhao Zijian, Govindasamy Karuppasamy
机构信息
Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2025 May 9;13:1459236. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1459236. eCollection 2025.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to explore the interrelationships among leisure activities, self-reported health (SRH), anxiety, and depression in Chinese older adults using structural equation modeling (SEM).
METHODS
Data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were analyzed and 9,859 older adults were included in the analysis. The SEM was employed to examine the direct and indirect effects of leisure activities on depression through SRH and anxiety.
RESULTS
Leisure activities significantly positively influenced SRH ( = 0.18, < 0.001) and negatively affected depression ( = -0.16, < 0.001) and anxiety ( = -0.09, < 0.001). SRH decreased depression ( = -0.33, < 0.001) and anxiety ( = -0.33, < 0.001), while anxiety increased depression ( = 0.49, < 0.001). SRH and anxiety mediated the relationship between leisure activities and depression.
CONCLUSION
The findings support the proposed model and suggest that promoting leisure activities can improve mental health in Chinese older adults.
目的
本研究旨在运用结构方程模型（SEM）探究中国老年人休闲活动、自我报告健康状况（SRH）、焦虑和抑郁之间的相互关系。
方法
对2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查（CLHLS）的数据进行分析，9859名老年人纳入分析。采用结构方程模型检验休闲活动通过自我报告健康状况和焦虑对抑郁的直接和间接影响。
结果
休闲活动对自我报告健康状况有显著正向影响（β = 0.18，p < 0.001），对抑郁有负向影响（β = -0.16，p < 0.001），对焦虑有负向影响（β = -0.09，p < 0.001）。自我报告健康状况降低抑郁（β = -0.33，p < 0.001）和焦虑（β = -0.33，p < 0.001），而焦虑增加抑郁（β = 0.49，p < 0.001）。自我报告健康状况和焦虑介导了休闲活动与抑郁之间的关系。
结论
研究结果支持所提出的模型，并表明促进休闲活动可以改善中国老年人的心理健康。
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