Cui Yan, Duan Ying, Du Jing, Yang Ling, Tian Xi, Liu Huaqing
School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2025 Jan 7;25(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05671-1.
Leisure activity was associated with depression in older adults. However, the specific processes by which diet and cognition mediate the role of leisure activities and depression remain uncertain. The study aims to investigate the relationship between leisure activity and depression in older people and the underlying mechanisms involved, while constructing a comprehensive model that links these variables.
Data came from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Mini-Mental State Examination and CES-D-10 were used to assess cognition and depression, respectively. PROCESS macro was employed to assess the mediation effects of diet and cognition on the relationship between leisure activity and depression.
Leisure activity was negatively associated with depression, with 35.90% of the total effect mediated through dietary diversity and cognitive function, of which 1.28% was from the chain-mediated effect of dietary diversity and cognition. In addition, 20.94% of the total effect mediated through a plant-based diet and cognitive function, of which 0.43% was from the chain-mediated effect of plant-based diet and cognition.
Leisure activities are linked to depression, with diet and cognition acting as chain-mediating factors. Public health experts recommend that older adults engage in leisure activities, ensure a broad spectrum of dietary intake, and prioritize the augmentation of plant-based diets as preventative strategies against depression.
休闲活动与老年人的抑郁症有关。然而，饮食和认知调节休闲活动与抑郁症作用的具体过程仍不明确。本研究旨在调查老年人休闲活动与抑郁症之间的关系及其潜在机制，同时构建一个将这些变量联系起来的综合模型。
数据来自2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查。简易精神状态检查表和CES-D-10分别用于评估认知和抑郁状况。采用PROCESS宏程序来评估饮食和认知对休闲活动与抑郁症之间关系的中介作用。
休闲活动与抑郁症呈负相关，总效应的35.90%通过饮食多样性和认知功能介导，其中1.28%来自饮食多样性和认知的链式中介效应。此外，总效应的20.94%通过植物性饮食和认知功能介导，其中0.43%来自植物性饮食和认知的链式中介效应。
休闲活动与抑郁症有关，饮食和认知起链式中介因素的作用。公共卫生专家建议老年人参与休闲活动，确保饮食摄入种类丰富，并优先增加植物性饮食，作为预防抑郁症的策略。
