Higson P J, Woods P A, Tannahill M M, Ellis N C
Br J Psychiatry. 1985 Aug;147:170-4. doi: 10.1192/bjp.147.2.170.
Items such as meals have frequently been used as back-up events in Token Economy Programmes (TEPs) because of their supposed reinforcing effectiveness. However, despite the dubious ethical questions that this raises, there is little research evidence to support the necessity for their use in TEP's with hospitalised chronic mentally ill patients. The effects of introducing meals as a 'free' item on patients' performance of a number of target behaviours were investigated in a TEP where they had previously been scheduled as a back-up event. While 'free' meals produced a slight increase in the actual number of meals eaten, there were no systematic effects on patients' performance of the target behaviours.
由于饮食等项目被认为具有强化效果，所以在代币经济计划（TEP）中经常被用作备用奖励。然而，尽管这引发了一些可疑的伦理问题，但几乎没有研究证据支持在住院慢性精神病患者的TEP中使用这些项目的必要性。在一个TEP中，研究了将饮食作为“免费”项目引入对患者一些目标行为表现的影响，此前饮食在该TEP中被安排为备用奖励。虽然“免费”饮食使实际进食量略有增加，但对患者目标行为的表现没有系统性影响。
