Luo Yingqiang, Hu Jun, Zhou Zihao, Zhang Yan, Wu Yaguang, Sun Jiaying
School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China.
Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 May 9;12:1538194. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1538194. eCollection 2025.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects a significant portion of the global population, severely impacting the quality of life and causing physical and psychological distress of patients. Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation activities, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AD. Monitoring oxidative stress products can offer valuable insights into the development of AD and highlight essential clinical and therapeutic effects. Additionally, evidence suggests that antioxidant strategies can alleviate or avert oxidative damage induced by free radicals and offer significant promise in the treatment of AD. In addition to directly utilizing natural products and nanomaterials for antioxidant interventions, these can also be incorporated into hydrogels, which help repair the skin barrier and support the sustained release of therapeutic agents. Furthermore, microneedles provide a minimally invasive method for delivering antioxidants to the deeper layers of the skin, enhancing treatment efficacy. This review aims to summarize the role of the oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AD, focusing in the main oxidative products (DNA, protein, and lipid oxidation products), as well as antioxidant therapeutic approaches involving natural products, nanomaterials, hydrogels, and microneedles. Understanding these biomarkers and antioxidant therapy approaches provides important insights into the management of AD.
特应性皮炎（AD）是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，影响着全球相当一部分人口，严重影响生活质量，给患者带来身体和心理困扰。氧化应激是由氧化与抗氧化活动失衡导致的，在AD的发病机制中起关键作用。监测氧化应激产物可为AD的发展提供有价值的见解，并突出重要的临床和治疗效果。此外，有证据表明抗氧化策略可减轻或避免自由基引起的氧化损伤，并在AD治疗中具有重大前景。除了直接利用天然产物和纳米材料进行抗氧化干预外，这些还可被纳入水凝胶中，有助于修复皮肤屏障并支持治疗剂的持续释放。此外，微针提供了一种将抗氧化剂输送到皮肤深层的微创方法，可提高治疗效果。本综述旨在总结氧化应激在AD发病机制中的作用，重点关注主要的氧化产物（DNA、蛋白质和脂质氧化产物），以及涉及天然产物、纳米材料、水凝胶和微针的抗氧化治疗方法。了解这些生物标志物和抗氧化治疗方法可为AD的管理提供重要见解。
