Khwaileh Tariq, Mustafawi Eiman, Ulde Samawiyah, AlAnsari Noora Essa, Albustanji Yusuf
Department of English Literature and Linguistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, P.O. Box 31311, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
J Psycholinguist Res. 2025 May 26;54(3):40. doi: 10.1007/s10936-025-10148-2.
Differential processing between the grammatical classes, i.e., nouns and verbs, has been studied across various linguistic disciplines in different languages, but not Arabic. The present study explores predictors of bare single nouns and bare single verbs in Gulf Arabic through a picture-naming paradigm. Aspects specific to the morpho-phonology of the language (CV skeleton, vocalic pattern) have been investigated for their roles in noun and verb retrieval. A picture-naming paradigm was carried out with 64 healthy native speakers of Gulf Arabic where participants named 282 line drawings representing nouns, and 154 line drawings representing verbs to generate naming latencies for the nouns and verbs in question. Linear regression models were fitted to analyse the relationship between grammatical class and naming latencies as well as morphological features and naming latencies. Verbs, which are more morphologically complex than nouns, were found to have higher naming latencies. Both CV skeleton and vocalic pattern impacted naming latencies and can account for the difference between verb and noun production. The results are discussed in relation to the non-concatenative morphology framework for Semitic languages.
不同语言学科对不同语言中名词和动词等语法类别之间的差异处理进行了研究，但阿拉伯语除外。本研究通过图片命名范式探索海湾阿拉伯语中光杆单一名词和光杆单一动词的预测因素。针对该语言形态音位学的特定方面（辅音-元音骨架、元音模式）在名词和动词检索中的作用进行了研究。对64名以海湾阿拉伯语为母语的健康参与者进行了图片命名范式实验，参与者为282幅代表名词的线条画和154幅代表动词的线条画命名，以生成相关名词和动词的命名潜伏期。拟合线性回归模型以分析语法类别与命名潜伏期以及形态特征与命名潜伏期之间的关系。结果发现，形态比名词更复杂的动词具有更高的命名潜伏期。辅音-元音骨架和元音模式均影响命名潜伏期，并且可以解释动词和名词产出之间的差异。结合闪米特语言的非连接形态框架对结果进行了讨论。
