Tehrani Sahar Dadkhah, Ahmadi Amirhossein Ramezani, Sadeghi Narges, Keshani Mahdi
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2025 May 26;22(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12986-025-00947-8.
Inflammation plays a pivotal role in Cardiovascular disease (CVD) which are a major global health burden. The oil-supplemented Mediterranean diet (MED) is associated with anti-inflammatory effects. The current study evaluates the impact of an olive oils-supplemented MED on pro-inflammatory biomarkers and soluble adhesion molecules.
Regarding PRISMA guideline, this study was conducted and PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (ISI), Embase, CINAHL databases as well as Google Scholar and Cochrane Library were systematically searched till June 2024.
15 clinical trials (20 arms) comprising 2477 adults aged 23-80 years were included in the systematic review and 9 of them were entered in the meta-analysis. We revealed that following an enriched MED with olive oils can reduce Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD: - 1.85; 95% CI: -3.69 to -0.01, I: 99.29%) and c-reactive protein (CRP) or high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) (SMD: - 0.96; 95% CI: -1.49 to -0.44, I: 91.85%); however, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) did not improved. Moreover, a positive impact on the levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and P-selectin [(SMD: -2.37; 95% CI: -4.34 to -0.40, I: 99.38%), (SMD: -1.10; 95% CI: -2.10 to -0.10, I: 94.96%) and (SMD: -0.65; 95% CI: -1.18 to -0.12, I: 59.33%), respectively] were observed; however, E-selectin was unchanged.
The olive oils-supplemented MED demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory benefits and improvements in soluble adhesion molecules, supporting its role in reducing CVD risk. However, further studies are required to address the high heterogeneity and confirm these findings in diverse populations.
TRIAL REGISTRATION/PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (CRD42023425225).
炎症在心血管疾病（CVD）中起关键作用，而心血管疾病是全球主要的健康负担。补充橄榄油的地中海饮食（MED）具有抗炎作用。本研究评估了补充橄榄油的地中海饮食对促炎生物标志物和可溶性黏附分子的影响。
按照PRISMA指南开展本研究，并对PubMed、Scopus、科学网（ISI）、Embase、CINAHL数据库以及谷歌学术和考克兰图书馆进行系统检索，直至2024年6月。
系统评价纳入了15项临床试验（20个研究组），共2477名年龄在23至80岁的成年人，其中9项进入荟萃分析。我们发现，采用富含橄榄油的地中海饮食可降低白细胞介素-6（IL-6）（标准化均数差：-1.85；95%可信区间：-3.69至-0.01，I²：99.29%）和C反应蛋白（CRP）或高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）（标准化均数差：-0.96；95%可信区间：-1.49至-0.44，I²：91.85%）；然而，肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）和干扰素γ（IFN-γ）并未改善。此外，观察到对可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1（sICAM-1）、可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1（sVCAM-1）和P-选择素水平有积极影响[分别为标准化均数差：-2.37；95%可信区间：-4.34至-0.40，I²：99.38%；标准化均数差：-1.10；95%可信区间：-2.10至-0.10，I²：94.96%；标准化均数差：-0.65；95%可信区间：-1.18至-0.12，I²：59.33%]；然而，E-选择素未发生变化。
补充橄榄油的地中海饮食显示出显著的抗炎益处，并改善了可溶性黏附分子，支持其在降低心血管疾病风险中的作用。然而，需要进一步研究以解决高度异质性问题，并在不同人群中证实这些发现。
试验注册/方案注册：国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（CRD42023425225）。
